分子弹簧的基础力学问题及在隔振缓冲应用中的关键技术

Passive vibration isolation technology is widely utilized because of its simpleness and effectiveness. However, in the field of heavy equipment with low frequency, it seems impossible to achieve low nature frequency and small static distortion at the same time. To assure high bearing capability and low working stiffness for an isolation system, this proposal introduces molecular spring isolation technology. Molecular spring is a class of vibration isolation and shock absorption medium which consists of water and hydrophobic nanoporous materials. In the case of vibration and impact, loading and unloading take turns. Water intrudes into and extrudes from hydrophobic pores of nanoporous materials and at the same time stores, releases and dissipates energy. The piecewise nonlinear high-low-high stiffness is confirmed in the earlier research,and as a result, the molecular spring has advantage in vibration isolation for heavy equipment. Fundamental research, static and dynamic design for vibration isolation and shock absorption and application analysis are developed orderly in this proposal. First of all, working principle of molecular spring is explained microcosmically. Then, the molecular spring isolator and shock absorber is schemed out for static and dynamic properties research. And last, a practical flexible floating raft based molecular spring isolator is proposed.

被动隔振技术因简单有效而应用广泛，然而在低频重载隔振领域，长期存在着低固有频率与小静变形无法兼有的瓶颈。为保证隔振器具有高承载能力和低动态刚度，本项目提出一种分子弹簧隔振缓冲技术。分子弹簧是一种由水和布满纳米级孔道的疏水材料组成的隔振缓冲介质。当振动、冲击发生时，随着外力对分子弹簧加载卸载，水分子进出多孔材料的疏水微孔，实现能量的存储、释放和消耗。初步研究表明，分子弹簧具有高承载刚度、低动态刚度和高限位刚度的分段刚度特性，在重型装备的隔振缓冲应用方面具有颇为突出的优势。本项目的研究按照基础理论研究、隔振缓冲技术中的静动力学设计及应用分析的顺序而展开，首先从微观方面对分子弹簧的工作原理进行本质性阐释，进一步设计分子弹簧隔振缓冲装置并研究其静、动力学特性，最后结合实际工程将分子弹簧应用于柔性双层隔振平台。

被动振动控制技术因简单有效而应用广泛，然而在低频重载隔振领域长期存在着低固有频率与小静变形无法兼有的瓶颈。为了突破该瓶颈，必须保证隔振系统具有高静低动刚度特性。本项目提出了一种分子弹簧隔振缓冲技术。本项目的研究表明，分子弹簧隔振装置具有优越的天然高静低动刚度和高限位刚度特性，在重型装备的隔振缓冲应用方面具有颇为突出的优势。本项目的研究首先从微观方面对分子弹簧的工作机理进行了分析与试验验证工作，再设计了分子弹簧隔振缓冲装置并研究其静、动力学，最后结合实际工程应用将分子弹簧应用于双层隔振平台。本项目的研究按照计划顺利完成，取得了预期成果。项目执行期间共发表了期刊论文7篇，其中Sci收录3篇，EI收录4篇；申请专利8项，其中已经授权3项。