Pyrethroid insecticides have been brought into a wide range of uses. Many varieties of them with chirality are endocrine disrupters and lead to malformation, cancer as well as mutation. Serving as hygienic insecticide in the pheasantry or feed, residual insecticides could broadly remain in the chicken and egg products which can cause the food safety problems. Recent research is limit to detect the residual level of the residue in the chicken and eggs instead of doing depth and systematic study on metabolism and residue behavior. Besides, that the chiral characteristics of pyrethroid pesticides and their metabolites as well as the different toxicity of enantiomers are neglected is the reason that we can't accurately evaluate the dietary and environmental risks. This project selects alpha/theta-cypermethrin as the research objects; establish the way to separate the enantiomers of parent compounds and metabolites as well as the analytical method that can maintain the stability of enantiomers' configuration; investigate the absorption, distribution and metabolism behaviors of parent compounds and metabolites in chicken blood, tissue, eggs and droppings with different exposure methods and doses along with their effects on chickens; develop an in vitro model under external condition; simulate the process that pesticides are metabolized in chicken ingluvies and gastrointestinal tract; examine the selective function of ATP ase in live, and study on the pesticides' residual level and metabolic mechanism in the level of enantimers. In general, this project laid the foundation to theoretically elaborate the biological transformation and enanito-selectivity mechanism of pyrethroids in the chicken. What's more, it is of essential significance in theory and practice for more accurate environment and dietary evaluation, guiding rational use of pesticides, and ensuring the human health.
拟除虫菊酯类农药应用广泛,且具有手性特征,很多品种还具有三致作用和内分泌干扰性。由于常作为卫生杀虫剂用于鸡舍或饲料中,因此广泛残留于鸡肉和鸡蛋产品中,造成食品安全问题。目前相关研究多限于检测残留水平,缺乏吸收、代谢等行为的系统研究,且忽略了菊酯类农药及其代谢物的手性特征和对映体的毒性差异,因此不能准确评价其膳食和环境风险。本项目以顺/反式氯氰菊酯为研究对象,建立母体及代谢物的对映体拆分方法及保持对映体构型稳定的残留分析方法,考察不同暴露方式和暴露剂量下,其母体和代谢物在鸡血液、组织、鸡蛋及粪便中的吸收、分布、代谢、排泄等行为以及对鸡的生长发育产生的影响。同时在离体条件下进行体外代谢和体外消化实验,在对映体水平上研究其残留水平和代谢机制。本项目为从理论上阐明菊酯类农药在鸡体内的生物转化机制和对映体选择性机制奠定了基础,对于进行更准确的环境及膳食风险评估、保障人类健康具有重要的理论和现实意义。
拟除虫菊酯类农药应用广泛,且具有手性特征,由于常作为卫生杀虫剂用于鸡舍或饲料中,因此广泛残留于鸡产品中,造成食品安全问题。目前相关研究多限于检测其残留水平,缺乏吸收、代谢等行为的系统研究,且忽略了手征性和对映体的毒性差异。因此本项目主要围绕手性农药在蛋鸡体内的吸收及代谢等行为展开研究。研究内容包括:(1)建立母体及代谢物的拆分方法及保持构型稳定的残留分析方法;(2)考察不同暴露方式和剂量下,氯氰菊酯和代谢物在鸡血液、组织、鸡蛋及粪便中的吸收、分布、代谢等行为以及对鸡的生长发育产生的影响;(3)在离体条件下进行体外代谢,考察肝微粒体的选择性代谢作用,并建立体外消化模型,在对映体水平上研究其残留水平和代谢机制。.研究结果表明,以GC-ECD和GC-MS/MS为检测手段,选择六氟异丙醇和酸性代谢物的脱水酯化反应进行衍生化,可同时检测氯氰菊酯及其三种主要代谢物,并保证异构化率小于5%。单次经口给药后,母体迅速吸收且在胃和肺中浓度较高,而代谢物主要存在于在肝和肾等解毒器官。血液及主要组织器官选择性富集1S-cis-αR体,而肝微粒体不具有明显的选择性代谢作用,体内和体外肝微粒体代谢试验同时证明顺式氯氰菊酯可以被代谢为反式二氯菊酸。在持续低浓度暴露后,母体主要分布在脂肪、皮和卵泡等组织中,而代谢物除脂肪和卵泡分布较多外,还主要存在于在肌肉组织中;持续暴露氯氰菊酯会显著增加卵巢中T-SOD含量,同时显著降低脑和卵巢中MDA的含量;体外消化实验证明氯氰菊酯主要存在于固体残渣中,而三种代谢物主要存在于吸收液中。此外,为比较不同类型手性农药在蛋鸡体内外的代谢行为差异,在按照原项目计划完成氯氰菊酯在蛋鸡体内外代谢行为研究的基础上,增加了具有较强累积作用的有机氯类手性农药在蛋鸡体内的富集及代谢行为研究。.本项目为阐明手性农药在鸡体内的生物转化和对映体选择性机制提供了依据,对于进行更准确的环境及膳食风险评估、指导合理用药具有一定的理论和现实意义。到目前为止,已发表SCI收录论文15篇(其中9篇为本项目第一标注),培养研究生6人,获得专利2项及北京市科学技术二等奖1项。
{{i.achievement_title}}
数据更新时间:2023-05-31
监管的非对称性、盈余管理模式选择与证监会执法效率?
转录组与代谢联合解析红花槭叶片中青素苷变化机制
氯盐环境下钢筋混凝土梁的黏结试验研究
面向云工作流安全的任务调度方法
格雷类药物治疗冠心病疗效的网状Meta分析
高效氯氰菊酯对幼鼠糖代谢紊乱的对映体选择性及其机制研究
免疫亲和色谱净化法研究手性氯氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯在动物性食品中残留行为
朱砂叶螨对甲氰菊酯对映体代谢差异及对映体代谢抗性形成机制
中式烹饪对手性农药氯氰菊酯选择性降解与转化行为研究