高速弹体作用下手性夹芯多层防护液舱能量耗散机理与设计方法

Protective liquid cabin is the core component of the protective structure in the topside of large-sized surface warship, and mainly protects the explosion fragments in the torpedo near-field explosion and the anti-ship missile internal blast. It is hard for the traditional single layer of protective liquid cabin to suffer overall failure under the impact of high-speed and high-mass fragments, which makes it difficult to satisfy the light and efficient protection demand of the new generation of large-sized surface warships. Based on the three major principles (the impedance mismatch blocks the transfer path of high-strength shock wave in the liquid cabin, the negative Poisson’s ratio effect converges the micro-structures in the loaded area to increase the structural resistance, and the chiral sandwich structure deflects the trajectory of the projectile bodies), this project proposes the new chiral sandwich multi-layer protective liquid cabin, which can effectively increase the protective capability and reduce the overall weight. First, based on the load characteristics in the liquid cabin, the equivalent method for the shock wave-after flow-bubble pulse loads is established, and its rationality is verified. Next, the response analysis method for the multi-layer protective liquid cabin considering the impedance mismatch is developed, and the dimensionless damage affecting the failure mode is obtained from the dimensional analysis method and then acquire the key factors influencing the protective efficiency. Finally, the design and layout modes of chiral sandwich micro-structure are studied, and the integrated design method for the chiral sandwich multi-layer protective liquid cabin structure is presented in order to reach the optimal protective performance of protective liquid cabin in the topside of large-sized surface warships on the premise that it only occupies finite overall weight and spatial resources.

防护液舱是大型水面舰艇舷侧防护结构的核心部分，主要防护鱼雷近场爆炸和反舰导弹舱内爆炸破片。传统单层防护液舱在高速大质量破片作用下易发生整体失效，难以满足新一代大型水面舰艇轻质高效防护的需求。项目基于三大原理（阻抗失配阻断液舱内高强冲击波传递路径、负泊松比效应汇聚受载区域提高结构抗力、手性夹层偏转高速弹体弹道）提出了新型手性夹芯多层防护液舱，能显著提高防护能力并降低整体重量。首先从液舱内载荷特性出发，建立冲击波-滞后流-气泡脉动载荷的理论预测模型和等效方法。接着基于阻抗失配等机制建立多层手性防护液舱动态响应分析方法，结合量纲分析方法获得影响破坏模式的损伤无量纲数，揭示高速弹体作用下手性夹芯防护液舱响应机理。在此基础上研究液舱手性夹芯层结构设计及布置方式，提出手性夹芯多层防护液舱轻量化高抗力结构力学设计方法，使大型水面舰艇舷侧防护液舱在占用有限整体质量和空间资源的前提下，具有最优的防护性能。

防护液舱是大型水面舰艇舷侧防护结构的核心部分，主要防护鱼雷近场爆炸和反舰导弹舱内爆炸破片。传统单层防护液舱在高速大质量破片作用下易发生整体失效，难以满足新一代大型水面舰艇轻质高效防护的需求。项目基于三大原理（阻抗失配阻断液舱内高强冲击波传递路径、负泊松比效应汇聚受载区域提高结构抗力、手性夹层偏转高速弹体弹道）提出了新型手性夹芯多层防护液舱，能显著提高防护能力并降低整体重量。首先从液舱内载荷特性出发，建立了冲击波-滞后流-气泡脉动载荷的理论预测模型和等效方法。接着基于阻抗失配等机制建立多层手性防护液舱动态响应分析方法，结合量纲分析方法获得了影响破坏模式的损伤无量纲数，揭示了高速弹体作用下手性夹芯防护液舱响应机理。在此基础上研究液舱手性夹芯层结构设计及布置方式，提出了手性夹芯多层防护液舱轻量化高抗力结构力学设计方法，使大型水面舰艇舷侧防护液舱在占用有限整体质量和空间资源的前提下，具有最优的防护性能。发表SCI论文20余篇、中文核心期刊论文10余篇，为后续在大型水面舰艇推广应用奠定了坚实理论和方法基础。