基于冷效应功能导向的城市生态用地空间粒度界定与布局调控研究——以深圳、重庆、石家庄为例

This study aims to identify the cold effect for the urban ecological space rapidly and quantitatively, and urban ecological land spatial planning strategy based on this cold effect function. Selecting a different temperature band, Shenzhen, Chongqing, Shijiazhuang three cities as study areas, based on the principles of landscape ecology, this study analyzes urban ecological land through an integrated RS and GIS technology and urban landscape ecology analysis method. It starts from the analysis of the ecological land surface temperature and spatial relationships in three case cities. Then it turns to explore the quantitative relationship between urban ecological land of the different types, different sizes, different shapes and its cold effect both inside and outside, identify the critical size of an effective cold effect, and simulate spatial distribution of ecological land based on the cold effect. In the end, policy recommendations on optimizing the layout of urban ecological land are given. The results of the study could offer some practical significance on quantifying urban ecological land use indicators, and provide the scientific basis for its layout planning.

本研究旨在面向城市生态用地冷效应的快速定量识别，以及基于冷效应功能导向的城市生态用地空间布局规划策略。选择不同温度带区域的深圳、重庆、石家庄三个城市为案例区，基于景观生态学原理，以城市生态用地为研究对象，综合 RS 与 GIS 技术及城市园林生态学分析方法，从分析研究区城市生态用地与地表温度空间拟合关系入手，系统探讨不同类型、不同粒度、不同形状的城市生态用地与其内外部冷效应的定量关系，界定有效冷效应的临界粒度，模拟基于冷效应导向的城市生态用地空间布局，提出城市生态用地优化布局的策略建议。本研究结果还可在一定程度上量化城市生态用地设计指标，并为其布局规划依据提供科学依据，具有一定的实践意义。

本项目从城市生态用地景观格局的角度出发，利用RS和GIS技术，以深圳、重庆、石家庄三市为案例区，以不透水地表作为城市生态用地冷效应作用的承载体，分析研究区热岛景观斑块等级在空间和季相水平上的变化特点，研究城市生态用地景观参数指数与冷效应作用强度之间的相关关系、城市生态用地对周边不透水地表的冷效应作用强度及作用范围。通过空间统计分析方法和相关性分析界定有效冷效应的临界粒度，同时以城市生态用地周围不同缓冲区内不透水地表平均温度为因变量，远离城市生态用地边界的距离为自变量，对案例区城市生态用地对周边不透水地表的冷效应作用强度和影响范围进行了定量界定，为城市生态用地空间布局提供了科学参考。