基于水环境效应的山地城市用地布局生态化模式-以重庆市为例

The traditional urban land use pattern would take an impact on water environment, such as runoff peak, runoff pollution and fragmentation, which can cause the problems of flood, drought, pollution and degradation of the watershed ecosystem. Chognqing metropolitan in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region was selected as the study area. By exploring the water environment performance which could be caused by the majoy spatial driving factors of urban land use pattern, this research provides water-environment-oriented element regulation approach and policy regulation approach. To find out the principal factors of Land Use Structure Index and threshold which affecting the water environment, the relationship between Land Use Structure Indexes and the Water Environmtent Indexes will be analyzed. This research discusses the spatial difference of the capacity, function, performance of water environment, which should be transformed to the spatial restraint of the watershed development, and establishes the matrix model between the Land Use Structure Indexes and the critical Water Environmtent Indexes. And then, the ecological pattern of urban land use would be established for the security of water environment. By analysing spatial relativity between water environment unit and planning management unit, and exploring the Integrated approach between them, this study attemptes to put forward the control elements system of land use planning. This research is an exploring cognition of urban spatial structure and environmental function, and expands research areas of environmental performance of the spatial structure, and provides a new perspective to the planning methodology of urban spatial structure.

针对传统山地城市开发模式产生径流峰值效应、径流污染效应、结构片段化效应等水环境效应，导致洪涝、干旱、水污染和流域生态系统退化等问题，以三峡库区重庆主城为研究区域，探索山地城市空间结构驱动因素的水环境绩效，提出水环境导向下的要素调控途径和政策法规调控途径；研究山地城市各类用地结构指数与水环境效应指标之间的相关关系，提出影响水环境指标的关键用地布局结构指数及其值阈；研究城市水环境容量、功能和效应的空间分异，将山地城市水环境容量、功能和效应转化为流域土地开发的空间约束，建立用地布局结构指数和水环境关键指标的矩阵模型，构建基于水环境安全的山地城市生态化用地布局模式；探索将山地城市水环境管理单元和传统规划管理单元的空间相关性和融合途径，提出山地用地布局规划控制要素体系。本研究是对山地城市空间结构和环境功能的一种探索性认知，是对城市规划空间绩效研究的拓展，为城市空间结构规划的方法论研究提供新的视角。

针对传统城市用地开发模式产生径流峰值效应、径流污染效应、结构片段化效应等水环境效应，导致洪涝、干旱、水污染和流域生态系统退化等问题，以三峡库区重庆主城为研究区域，探索山地城市空间结构驱动因素的水环境绩效，提出水环境导向下的要素调控途径和政策法规调控途径；研究各类用地结构指数与水环境指标之间的相关关系，提出影响水环境指标的关键用地布局结构指数及其值阈；研究城市水环境容量和水环境功能的空间分异，将城市水环境容量和功能目标转化为流域土地开发的空间约束，建立用地布局结构指数和水环境关键指标的矩阵模型，构建基于水环境安全的城市生态化用地布局模式；研究水环境管理单元和规划管理单元的空间相关性，探索将水环境管理单元和传统规划管理单元的融合途径，提出用地布局规划控制要素体系。本研究是对城市空间结构和环境功能的一种探索性认知，是对城市规划空间绩效研究的拓展，为城市空间结构规划的方法论研究提供了新的视角。