甘肃河西地区日光温室蓄热墙体供热系统耦合传热机理及其墙体优化

With the implementation of the preferential agricultural policies and the structural adjustment of protected agriculture, the solar greenhouse industry has been developed rapidly in Hexi Corridor in Gansu province. However, the disadvantages of traditional greenhouse wall structure have been exposed gradually and affected the high-efficient production of the greenhouse crops. Therefore, the building concepts and design methods for solar greenhouse are urgently needed to be improved. Using the high-performance concentrating collector devices and the thermal-storage wall material, and building the new wall structure to improve the utilization rate of solar energy and land, and to further promote the control ability for greenhouse thermal environment. In this project, the solar greenhouse in Hexi Corridor was taken as the research object and the new heating system of the wall with active-passive collaborative thermal-storage modes for solar greenhouse has been proposed. Thus, equipped with theoretical analysis, numerical and experimental methods, the project will try to investigate: 1) thermal performances of the air collector system applied in solar greenhouse; 2) the heat charge/discharge processes of the wall with active-passive collaborative thermal-storage modes; 3) the evaluation methods of thermal performance of the proposed heating system; 4) the optimization methods of the wall structure. The following results are expected to be obtained: revealing the coupled heat-transfer mechanisms of the new heating system of the wall with active-passive collaborative thermal-storage modes; obtaining the evaluation methods of thermal performance of the proposed heating system and the optimization methods of the wall structure. To form a set of theory and technical method for guiding design and construction of the proposed heating system of the wall with active-passive collaborative thermal-storage modes for solar greenhouse in Hexi Corridor. Therefore，to carry out this project has not only great academic significance, but also high application values.

西部惠农政策的实施和设施农业结构的调整升级推进了甘肃河西地区日光温室产业快速发展，但传统土墙结构温室的弊端也逐渐暴漏出来，影响了作物的高效生产。因此，迫切需要改进日光温室建造理念与设计方法，采用高性能集热设备与墙体蓄热材料、构筑新型结构墙体以提高太阳能及土地利用率、提升日光温室对热环境的调控能力。 本项目以河西地区日光温室为研究对象，提出新型日光温室主被动协同蓄热墙体供热系统。采用理论分析、实验测试与数值分析相结合的方法拟开展以下工作：1)日光温室聚光型空气集热系统热性能研究；2)主被动协同蓄热墙体蓄放热系统研究；3)蓄热墙体供热系统热工性能评价方法研究；4)蓄热墙体结构参数优化方法研究。目标是揭示主被动协同蓄热墙体供热系统耦合传热机理，获得主被动协同蓄热墙体供热系统热工性能评价方法及其墙体优化方法。以期形成一套指导河西地区新型日光温室主被动协同蓄热墙体供热系统设计建造的理论和技术方法。

设施农业结构的调整升级推进了甘肃河西地区日光温室产业快速发展，但传统土墙结构温室的弊端也逐渐暴漏出来，影响了作物的高效生产。因此，迫切需要改进日光温室建造理念与设计方法，采用高性能集热设备与墙体蓄热材料、构筑新型结构墙体以提高太阳能及土地利用率、提升日光温室对热环境的调控能力。.本项目以河西地区日光温室为研究对象，提出新型日光温室主被动协同蓄热墙体供热系统。采用理论分析、实验测试与数值分析相结合的方法,开展了日光主被动协同蓄热墙体建筑热过程的理论与实验研究，所形成的主要研究结果简述如下：.1）研究了河西酒泉地区典型气象年气象参数，现场测试了该地区日光温室环境状况，获取了该地区冬季太阳能分布、室外空气温度、相对湿度及风速的变化规律以及现有日光温室室内热环境状况。结果显示该地区冬季室外空气温度在-23.8～24.6℃范围变化，太阳总辐射照度1.37～922W/m2，日累计总辐射照度变化范围3.81～23.11MJ/m2，太阳总辐射照度高于400W/m2的小时数达到529h；实测发现该地区现有日光温室在1月份常出现低温高湿问题，温室作物夜间室内空气相对湿度都高于80%。.2）搭建了两种结构聚光型空气集热器热工性能实验台，运用对比的方法研究了太阳辐照度、集热器内空气流速、进口温度及集热器结构等因素对空气集热器出口温度、集热量和集热效率等热性能参数的影响规律，结果显示所研制的多曲面双管槽式聚光型太阳能集热器适合于日光温室主动集热系统中应用，该集热器运行的较优空气流速为4.4m/s～4.6m/s。.3）运用实验与数值的方法，对两种结构的主被动协同蓄热墙体供热系统进行了蓄放热过程分析，研究表明在不同天气条件下主被动协同蓄热墙体供热系统能有效的提高墙体内部温度、土壤温度和太阳能利用率，提升墙体内部的蓄热能力，改善日光温室热环境。.4）提出了一套日光温室复杂结构蓄热墙体的优化方法，运用该方法对典型日光温室种植区域的复合结构墙体进行了案例研究，获取了复杂结构蓄热墙体的较优参数。