基于适印性调控的纸基金属互连图形喷印制备及相关机理研究

Based on the application challenges of low cost, configurable, and high environmental compatibility of the next-generation Internet of Things (IoT) wireless sensor network (WSN) devices/nodes, this project adopts the addition method of paper-based metal conductive lines and RF antennas as the main process route, and develops low-cost preparation of WSN devices/nodes that are flexible and easy to be handle. In this project, we proposed a ink-jet printing preparation process of paper-based metal interconnect pattern based on printability regulation. Printable solution-type catalytic inks were firstly printed on the physicochemical modified paper to form patterns having strong chemical switch effect, and then metal film circuits of excellent performance were obtained by means of binding chemical deposition. In the project, we will study the regulation mechanism of paper surface state printability, and optimize the formulation system and high-precision printing transfer of the solution-type catalytic ink. Moreover, we will explore the constrained chemical deposition growth and reliability of paper-based metal film. Finally, integrated ink-jet printing technology of paper-based metal conductive pattern of excellent performances (high conductivity, high precision, high resolution, high mechanical reliability, good adhesion, and easy-print ink without high temperature sintering) is successfully obtained. Hence, the research plays a significant role in not only promoting the application of paper-based WSN devices/nodes, but also laying foundation of the further development of our country’s IoT technique and industry.

基于新一代物联网无线传感器网络（WSN）器件/节点“低成本、可构型及高环境相容性”的应用挑战，本项目以加成法同步制备纸基金属导电线路及射频天线为主要工艺路线，发展WSN器件/节点柔性可异构、易环保处置的低成本制备。项目提出了基于适印性调控的纸基金属互连图形喷墨印刷制备方法：将一种溶液型催化墨水喷印在先期表面物化修饰改性过的纸基上形成具有催化效能的图层，再通过约束性化学沉积生长形成性能优良的金属薄膜。项目将研究纸基表面状态适印性调控机制，优化溶液型催化墨水的配方体系及高精度喷印转移，探索纸基金属薄膜的约束性化学沉积生长规律及可靠性，最终获得墨水易喷印、无需高温烧结、图形导电性好、精细度高、与基板结合性好、弯折可靠性高的纸基金属互连图形喷墨印刷制备技术。项目研究对推动纸基WSN器件/节点应用具有重要意义，并将为我国物联网技术和产业的进一步发展奠定基础。

项目针对应用于WSN器件/节点的纸基金属互连图形（导电线路、射频天线等）在制备中的瓶颈问题，提出了基于适印性调控的纸基金属图形喷墨印制技术路线。项目瞄准“墨水易喷印、无高温烧结、不含固态颗粒”的应用需求，研究了“溶液性”喷印墨滴射流及非牛顿流体柔印油墨动力学特征、纸基表面金属低温催化沉积和受限控制催化机理，建立了纸基喷印和卷对卷印制催化油墨的最佳配方体系；聚焦“图形导电性好”的应用需求，研究了纸基表面状态适印性调控机制，探索了纸基金属薄膜的约束性化学沉积生长规律，极大提升了纸基印制图形的电学性能；针对“精细度高”的应用需求，探索了高精度催化油墨喷印转移，开发了纸基卷对卷高精度传墨及UV快速固化技术，进一步完善了“卷对卷”（R2R）实验平台，实现了对纸基基板高精度导电线路印制制备；瞄准“弯折可靠性好、附着性能优异”的应用需求，开发了纸基基板表界面增强手段，探讨了纸基与导电图形层的附着力增强手段、铜层特征厚度与沉积时间关系，提升了纸基RFID金属天线的机械性能，其弯折与弯曲性能大幅度增强。.项目解决了纸基表面状态适印性调控机制、优化溶液型催化墨水的配方体系、探索高精度喷印转移以及纸基金属薄膜的约束性化学沉积生长规律及可靠性等关键科学问题；建立了纸基喷墨印制、卷对卷柔板印制的实验平台；获得了卷对卷印刷工业化应用的溶液型催化墨水的配方体系；实现了在纸基上高精度、高附着力及高弯折可靠性的金属互连线路（导电线路、RFID金属天线等）印刷制备。此外，纸基RFID金属天线已完成批量化卷对卷柔性制备性能验证，目前正处在产业应用转化中。.三年来，项目研究成果已发表SCI论文10篇（其中JCR一区论文3篇，1篇论文入选ESI热点论文和ESI高被引论文）；申请中国发明专利10项，获得中国发明授权专利3项；已培养硕士研究生4名（其中1人获得优秀研究生国家奖学金，1人获评校级优秀毕业生）。