风速和转速对风力发电机的电晕放电及雷击机理影响研究

Compared with the static and fixed tall objects (or tall buildings),the wind turbine has a special shape with the periodically rotating blades caused by the strong wind,which results in a very difference from that of other static objects in the discharge corona and the lightning attachment.However,there are few studied results.Therefore,we will study the effect of wind speed on the discharge corona and the lightning attachment of the wind turbine.Firstly,considering the similar cone of the streamer stem and front-streamer inception,an better positive leader thermodynamic model is to be formulated,and at the same time,based on the Raether-Meek criterion about the avalanche-to-streamer transition and the physical mechanism of the space leader,the downward negative leader model will be improved.Secondly,by comparing with the ion mobility and wind speed and rotating speed of blades,the corona ion drift model will be improved after considering the effect of wind speed,and will be applied to the rotating blades of the wind turbine and the model of corona charge distribution near the tip of blades will be presented.Thirdly,by using the improved lightning attachment model between the downward negative leader and upward connection positive leader after considering the effect of wind and blade rotation,the inception condition of self-inception positive leader during the charging process of the thunderstorm and the lightning triggered positive leader at the descent of downward stepped leader will be investigated.Finally,we will present some algorithm about the lightning strike distance and effective attracting radius of the wind turbine,considering the effect of wind speed and blade rotation,which are very helpful for the particular design of the lightning protection system of a wind turbine.

风力发电机（简称风机）形状独特且在风速驱动下不断旋转，导致其尖端电晕放电与地面静态物体明显不同，这可能是风机容易遭受雷击的主要原因之一，但目前缺少这方面的研究报道。因此，本项目拟开展风速和转速对风机电晕放电及其雷击机理的影响研究。首先，通过考虑流注茎(stem)近似圆锥体的形状特征和二次电晕起始条件，建立更加合理的正先导-流光系统热力学模型，同时基于Raether-Meek电晕-流光转化判据和空中先导的形成机制，改进现有的下行负先导三维随机发展模型。然后，考虑风速的影响，改进电离扩散区流体动力方程，并根据风速、转速与离子迁移速率的相对大小，建立适用于旋转风机的电晕层分布模型。最后，在上述研究基础上，研究风速和转速对风机尖端“自发式”和 “触发式’正先导始发机制的影响，给出在风速和转速影响下风机的雷击等效截面和闪击距离的计算方法，为风机雷电灾害防护等提供科学依据和技术支持。

风力发电机（简称风机）形状独特且在风速驱动下不断旋转，导致其尖端电晕放电与 地面静态物体明显不同，这可能是风机容易遭受雷击的主要原因之一，但目前缺少这方面 的研究报道。因此，本项目拟开展风速和转速对风机电晕放电及其雷击机理的影响研究。 首先，通过考虑流注茎(stem)近似圆锥体的形状特征和二次电晕起始条件，建立更加合理 的正先导-流光系统热力学模型，同时基于Raether-Meek电晕-流光转化判据和空中先导的 形成机制，改进现有的下行负先导三维随机发展模型。然后，考虑风速的影响，改进电离 扩散区流体动力方程，并根据风速、转速与离子迁移速率的相对大小，建立适用于旋转风 机的电晕层分布模型。最后，在上述研究基础上，研究风速和转速对风机尖端“自发式” 和 “触发式’正先导始发机制的影响，给出在风速和转速影响下风机的雷击等效截面和 闪击距离的计算方法，为风机雷电灾害防护等提供科学依据和技术支持。