基于城市代谢理论的城镇化海岛基础设施存量及其环境影响研究

With the rapid rising of island urbanization and human exploitation, the construction activities of transportation system, buildings and marine facilities on islands have been increasing frequently. With this process, a mass of materials that from outer-island input into island infrastructure systems and accumulate in the form of stocks, which brings about some potential resource and environmental risks for the island ecosystem and its surrounding area. During the transforming period of Chinese inhabited islands, systematically apply stock study for infrastructures in a typical urbanized island will be of great significance in farther research resources carrying capacity and assessing potential environmental risks for islands. This study is based on urban metabolism theories and relevant methods. By further understanding the standards and technological processes of infrastructure construction, an integrated bottom-up model, which covered all types of roads, buildings and special structures, will be built for calculating the material stocks of island infrastructure system. We plan to take typical urbanized islands in China as our study area. By means of survey and remote sensing inversion, we can obtain the required parameters, and further carrying out material metabolism, spatial analysis and environmental impacts studies. The results may help to provide methods for optimizing planning and management of island infrastructure, as well as support approaches for establishing a new construction mode of resource-reduction, low-carbon and low pollution for island infrastructure system.

随着海岛城镇化和人类开发利用海岛强度的不断增加，海岛交通、建筑以及涉海人工设施等建设活动日益频繁。这一过程导致大量的岛外物质资源输入，并累积于基础设施系统中形成存量，对于海岛生态系统及其周边区域产生了潜在的资源及环境风险。在我国沿海有居民海岛的发展转型期，针对典型城镇化海岛的基础设施系统存量开展系统性深入研究对于研究海岛资源环境承载力以及探索海岛可持续发展模式均具有重要意义。本研究拟以城市代谢理论及方法为指导，通过深入解析基础设施工程建设规范与流程，建立基于自下而上方法的，涵盖道路、建筑及涉海特殊构筑物在内的海岛基础设施系统存量模型，并选择我国城镇化特征显著的海岛为研究对象，通过调查测量及遥感技术获得基础参数，开展海岛基础设施存量的物质构成、空间格局及环境影响等相关研究。研究结果可为优化海岛基础设施规划与管理提供技术方法，为构建减量化、低碳化、低污染化的新型海岛基础设施建设模式提供科学依据。

随着海岛城镇化和人类开发利用海岛强度的不断增加，海岛基础设施建设活动日益频繁，导致大量源自外部的物质与能源向海岛系统内部的输入，并且这些累积于基础设施中的大宗存量未来终将脱离使用阶段，形成固废，对海岛生态系统及其周边区域产生了潜在的资源及环境风险。在我国有居民海岛的发展转型期，针对典型城镇化海岛的基础设施系统开展物质代谢的时空特征及其环境效应研究，对于研究海岛资源环境承载力和探索海岛可持续发展模式均具有重要意义。本研究以产业生态学物质代谢理论及方法为指导，以山东唯一的海岛县——长岛为研究区，通过建立基于自下而上的分类体系和物质流/能量流分析框架，整合现场调查、遥感解译及 GIS 空间分析技术提取关键参数，分析海岛基础设施物质代谢效率、时空演变格局，评估其生命周期各类环境影响，并以资源环境可持续为目标开展物质代谢优化调控模式研究。项目实施过程总体顺利，基本按项目计划书完成了相关研究内容，达到了预期研究成果。以本研究为依托共发表论文5篇，其中以第一作者在SCI一区期刊发表论文两篇，后续相关论文及两项发明专利正在审稿和实审阶段，联合培养环境科学与工程专业硕士研究生一名并顺利完成毕业答辩。