人工开挖航槽影响下的长江口北槽浮泥发育和运移过程

Fluid mud processes not only contribute great to the entrance bar evolution, but also are especially concerned in navigation channel regulation works. The key study area of this project is set in the North Passage in the Yangtze estuary which has a large scale dredged navigation channel and characterized with deep channel depth and large bed slope. In this study, Omnidirectiona and three-dimensional fluid mud data would be couple measured via bottom boundary layer measurement system, SILAS fluid mud measurement system, current & sediment & wave remote measurement buoys and et al. Based on the field measured data, indoor tests and flume experiments, changes of the fluid mud characters, spatial distribution, growth and vanish critical velocity in the North Passage should be analyzed, and meanwhile, according to the systematic flume experiments of fluid mud gravity flow on slop bed and the previous fluid mud studies before the 12.5m navigation channel appears, the differences of fluid mud processes on slope bed or in deep channel influenced by construction the dredged deep channel would be discussed. Then, taking the bottom boundary layer sediment budget mode and transportation processes driven by tidal current on slope bed as the breaking point, fluid mud transportaion new pattern and influence mechanism of construction dredged channel to the fluid mud processes in the North Passage should be come out. This should provide good academic basis to the navigation resources development in the silt estuaries.

浮泥的发育和运移过程不仅与河口拦门沙的演变密切相关，同时也是淤泥质河口航道开发与维护尤为关注的焦点。本项目以大型开挖式航槽、陡坡负地形显著的长江口北槽河段为研究区域，以陡坡负地形上的近底泥沙收支特性和运动过程为切入点，结合挖槽形成前的相关研究成果和数据资料，综合运用座底自容式近底水沙观测系统、走航式SILAS浮泥观测系统和水文、泥沙、波浪自动观测浮标系统等多种先进观测手段全方位立体化获得研究区现场同步水文、泥沙和浮泥信息，并结合室内测试/分析实验和系统化的室内浮泥坡面滑移水槽试验，分析航槽浚深至12.5m后北槽浮泥基本特性、空间分布特征，以及其产生和消亡的动力机制。对比分析人工挖槽行为导致的北槽浮泥发育和运移规律的差异性，进而揭示人工开挖航槽对北槽浮泥发育和运移过程的影响机制，并提出挖槽后的浮泥输运模式，为淤泥质河口航道资源开发利用提供理论依据。

浮泥的发育和运移过程不仅与河口拦门沙的演变密切相关，同时也是淤泥质河口航道开发与维护尤为关注的焦点。本项目以大型开挖式航槽、陡坡负地形显著的长江口北槽河段为研究区域，以陡坡负地形上的近底泥沙收支特性和运动过程为切入点，结合挖槽形成前的相关研究成果和数据资料，综合运用座底自容式近底水沙观测系统、走航式SILAS浮泥观测系统和水文、泥沙、波浪自动观测浮标系统等多种先进观测手段全方位立体化获得研究区现场同步水文、泥沙和浮泥信息，并结合室内测试/分析实验和系统化的室内浮泥坡面滑移水槽试验，分析了航槽浚深至12.5m后北槽浮泥基本特性、空间分布特征，以及其产生和消亡的动力机制，并提出了挖槽后的浮泥输运模式，研究了人工开挖航槽导致的水动力、地貌变化规律。已发表论文12篇，获得发明专利授权1项和实用新型专利授权3项，获得软件著作权授权4项。为淤泥质河口航道资源开发利用提供了一定的理论依据。