深部开采采空区覆岩卸压瓦斯精准抽采基础研究

In view of basic and key problem of accurate extraction of pressure relief gas in overlying strata of mined-out area under deep mining, the project applies the method of five in one consisted of theoretical analysis, experiment test, physical simulation, numerical calculation simulation and field investigation to conduct research. The pore characteristic parameters, desorption, emission and seepage features of coal is deeply analyzed, the time-space effect and laws of gas desorption migration under the condition of mining is studied, accurate prediction model in the dynamic process of desorption, storage and transportation of pressure relief gas is established. Through independent research and development experiment platform of coal and gas simultaneous extraction under multi-physical field coupling, with high frequency acoustic emission and high subtle vibration monitoring system, the space-time evolution regularity and accurate recognition method of storage and transportation enrichment region of pressure relief gas is researched. Using information accumulated transmission algorithm with measurement data of drill hole of compressed sensing theory, intelligent guidance system of long-distance directional drilling is researched and developed, and the PLC intelligent logic control method is used to research and develop the accurate drilling and intelligent sealing system of gas drainage borehole, the integration of long-distance directional extraction drill hole and smart seal will be achieved. Application of mathematical method, the effect evaluation index system of pressure relief gas extraction, through the deep learning method, intelligent evaluation and regulation model of gas extraction is established, combining with algorithms encapsulation and hardware integration, intelligent control system gas extraction and borehole sealing based on cloud computing platform is developed. In order to provide basic theoretical basis for engineering design of pressure relief gas extraction.

针对深部开采采空区覆岩卸压瓦斯精准抽采的关键基础问题，项目拟通过理论分析、实验室测试、物理模拟、数值仿真及现场试验的五位一体方式进行研究。深入分析煤的孔隙特征、解吸、放散与渗流特性，研究采动条件下瓦斯解吸运移时空效应及规律，建立卸压瓦斯解吸储运动态过程精确预测模型。通过自主研发的集高频声发射、高精微震监测系统的煤与瓦斯共采多物理场耦合实验平台，研究卸压瓦斯储运富集区时空演化规律及精准判识方法。运用压缩感知理论的随钻测孔数据信息累计传输算法，研发长距离定向钻孔智能导向系统，并采用PLC智能逻辑控制方法，研发瓦斯抽采钻孔智能密封系统，实现长距离定向抽采精准钻进-智能密封一体化。应用数理方法，构建卸压瓦斯抽采效果评判指标体系，通过深度学习方法，建立瓦斯抽采智能评判调控模型，结合算法封装与硬件集成手段，研发基于云计算平台的瓦斯抽采与钻孔密封智能调控系统。以期为卸压瓦斯抽采工程设计提供基础理论依据。

本项目针对深部开采采空区覆岩卸压瓦斯精准抽采的关键科学问题，确定了影响瓦斯含量变化的主控因素，建立了深部采空区覆岩卸压瓦斯解吸储运动态过程精确预测模型和瓦斯赋存多因子预测模型；提出了采动卸压瓦斯富集区时空演化规律及精准辨识方法，研发了岩层裂隙识别、瓦斯浓度监测的采动煤岩体结构演化综合观测系统，实现了对采动瓦斯储运优势区典型特征的精准识别；研发了深部长距离定向钻孔精准钻进-动态密封一体化方法、长距离定向钻孔智能导向系统以及瓦斯抽采钻孔智能密封系统，实现长距离定向抽采精准钻进-智能密封一体化；构建了瓦斯抽采综合智能评判指标体系，搭建了瓦斯抽采达标智能评价软件及瓦斯抽采智能调控系统，实现了卸压瓦斯抽采智能评判算法的封装、计算与评判信息发布，为瓦斯高效抽采提供理论依据与技术支持。共发表本领域高水平学术论文75篇，其中SCI、EI收录49篇，获陕西省科学技术进步一等奖等省部级奖励3项，出版学术专著1部，授权国家发明专利9项，授权实用新型专利15项，软件著作权6项，在学术会议做大会邀请报告25次，培养博、硕士研究生31名。