基于代谢组学探究牛蒡叶抑制食源性致病菌生物膜的活性成分与机理

As a stubborn source of pollution in food, bacterial biofilm can easily cause large-scale food poisoning. At present, the inhibitory effect of plant components on bacterial biofilms has gained more and more attention among scholars. But the chemical composition and mechanism of the anti-biofilm plant fractions still lacked systematic research.. Our preliminary experiments indicated that burdock leaf extract exhibited significant inhibition effect on foodborne bacterial biofilm. In this research, burdock leaf extract and the metabolomes of biofilms will be analyze using UPLC-MS/MS and NMR, and a determination method will be established. Using burdock leaf extract to inhibit biofilm, burdock leaf fractions and the metabolomes of biofilms before and after inhibition by the fractions of burdock leaf will be dynamically analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS and NMR. On this basis, through chemometrics, bioinformatics and other means, find the anti-biofilm compounds and establish a new method for the screening of anti-biofilm compounds. Based on the dynamical analysis of biofilm metabolomes, evaluate the effects of burdock leaf components on the metabolism, physiology and biochemistry of biofilm, revealing the inhibiting targets and dynamic process against bacterial biofilms. It is hoped that this research could provide new ideas, new compounds and new targets for the control of bacterial biofilms.

有害菌生物膜是食品的顽固污染源，易引发大规模食物中毒事件。目前，植物成分对生物膜的抑制效果引起了学者的广泛关注，但是植物组分抑制食源性致病菌生物膜的有效成分及其机理尚缺乏系统研究。.前期研究结果表明牛蒡叶提取物对食源性致病菌生物膜具有显著的抑制作用。本课题拟采用UPLC-MS/MS与NMR技术分别对牛蒡叶提取物和食源性致病菌生物膜小分子代谢组进行测定，建立分析方法。利用牛蒡叶提取物抑制食源性致病菌生物膜，采用UPLC-MS/MS、NMR技术系统分析牛蒡叶提取物及提取物抑制前后细菌生物膜代谢组的动态变化，结合化学计量学、生物信息学等手段筛选出抑制生物膜的活性化合物，探索一种筛选生物膜抑制成分的新途径。通过分析牛蒡叶组分抑制过程中食源性致病菌生物膜代谢组的动态变化，探讨牛蒡叶对生物膜代谢及生理生化状态的影响，揭示牛蒡叶抑制生物膜的动态过程和作用靶点，以期为有害菌生物膜的控制提供新思路与新靶点。

有害菌生物膜是食品的顽固污染源，易引发大规模食物中毒事件。目前，植物成分对生物膜的抑制效果引起了学者的广泛关注，但是植物组分抑制食源性致病菌生物膜的有效成分及其机理尚缺乏系统研究。研究结果表明，牛蒡叶组分具有显著的细菌生物膜抑制活性。基于代谢组学建立了牛蒡叶中抑制生物膜有效成分的高通量筛选方法。采用UPLC-MS分析牛蒡叶提取物组分作用细菌生物膜前后代谢组的动态变化，通过统计分析筛选出含量发生显著变化的化合物，结合活性验证结果确定了6种化合物是牛蒡叶中抑制细菌生物膜的主要活性成分。本研究为天然植物中抗生物膜活性化合物的高通量、快速筛选提供了一种便捷的新方法。研究发现牛蒡叶组分通过影响细菌群体感应、降低细菌黏附能力、聚集能力、运动能力、胞外多糖合成能力而抑制细菌生物膜的形成。初步揭示了牛蒡叶组分抑制致病菌生物膜的机理。