金属银纳米线的结构控制合成、高效纯化及导电、导热网络通道的构筑

Owing to the unique and tunable optical, electrical and thermal properties, the Ag nanowires are widely used in electronic information products. So it is very important to develop new methods to synthesize high quality Ag Nanowires with controlled structure, such as Ag Nanowries with different diameter, aspect ratio and surface chemical structure, and also their environment benign, high efficiency separation and purification methods. In this project, using the low cost chemical solution methods, the effects of solvents, catalyst, reaction temperature and time on the nucleation and growth mechanism of Ag Nanowires will be studied systematically. Especially, stable way to prepare Ag Nanowires with small diameter and long aspect ratio should be developed. Then, in order to improve the dispersity of Ag Nanowries in the polar or nonpolar medium and get the highly stable Ag nanowires dispersion with high solid content, suitable surface modification structures or surfactants are needed during the synthesis of Ag Nanowires. Combined with the chemical and physical properties of the reaction mother liquid of Ag Nanowires, efficient environmental friendly separation and purification methods should be paid a lot of attentions. With the aid of advanced in-situ microscopic analysis technology, it should be studied the sintering, electrical and thermal transport properties between the Ag nanowires which has different surface structures. It also should try to different ways to construct effective electronic and thermal transport networks in the nanocomposites, and meanwhile study the relationships between the Ag Nanowires structures and interface between the nanowires and polymer matrix to the comprehensive properties of the nanocomposites. This study will promote the application of Ag Nanowires in the electronic technology and also provide basic theory and experiment supports for its application in diverse area.

金属银纳米线具有良好的光、热、电性能在诸多电子信息产品中具有重要应用价值。发展银纳米线结构可控制备、绿色、高效分离纯化方法，得到高品质的银纳米线具有重要实际应用价值。本项目采用液相法化学法，考察多种环境友好的溶剂、催化剂，反应温度、反应时间等条件对银纳米线的成核和生长的作用机理。重点发展小尺寸、大长径比银纳米线高产率、低成本的制备方法；探讨表面修饰剂对银纳米线表面修饰机理，研究银纳米线在极性和非极性介质中的分散性能，获得高固含量的稳定分散液；结合制备的银纳米线母液物理化学性质，寻求高效环保的分离和提纯方法。借助原位微观分析技术，研究银纳米线的表面结构和状态对银纳米线及线和线之间的烧结、电、热传输机理；研究银纳米线在复合材料体系中有效导电、导热网络的构建，以及复合材料性能与银纳米线特征尺寸和聚合物界面间的关系，为金属银纳米线在电子信息技术中的应用提供理论支持和基础实验数据。

金属银纳米线具有良好的光、热、电性能在诸多电子信息产品中具有重要应用价值。在本项目基金的资助下，按照研究计划，通过对多元醇体系制备银纳米线的反应过程和反应机理进行分析后，设计并提出了以微量的氯化铜和铁存在的双重诱导作用下，合成高品质的银纳米线，减少银纳米颗粒的伴生；系统研究了银源浓度、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、卤化物的用量，以及反应温度、时间等对银线控制生长的规律性影响，实现了直径为30-100 nm，长度5-40μm，长径比≥400，纯度大于99%，表面结构可控的金属银纳米线的宏量制备，发展了银纳米线动态高效分离提纯方法和实验装置，可大幅度提高银纳米线的纯化效率，单次可制备约5g的高纯银纳米线。发展了盐酸蒸汽、联氨蒸汽和UVA等三种简单的化学诱导室温焊接银纳米线技术，瞬时显著降低了透明电极的方阻并深入研究了其焊接机理，制备了兼具高透光度和高导电性的透明导电薄膜；基于宏量制备的高纯度银纳米线分散液，配置适用于大规模卷对卷（roll-to-roll）涂布的银纳米线浆料和涂布工艺，并集成本项目开发的紫外原位诱导银纳米线焊接技术，大面积连续化制备透明导电薄膜涂层，其方阻可达25 ohm/sq，透过率90%，性能优异，该成套技术在2017年实现了成果的技术转化；探索了银纳米线在电发热膜、除雾、电磁屏蔽、可穿戴式传感器等领域的应用，制作了相应的器件原型，为金属银纳米线在电子信息技术中的应用提供理论支持和基础实验数据。本项目共计发表SCI论文30篇，其中Q1区论文14篇，IF>3的23篇，IF>6的13篇，IF>10的4篇。发表EI论文14篇，申请专利23件，其中获授权专利7件。项目执行期间内，参加国内外学术会议14次，并做口头报告，参与论著撰写共计3个章节。邀请国内外同行作报告12人次，培养博士生4名，培养硕士研究生20名，合作博士后6人。项目组按预定计划圆满的完成了该项目计划研究内容和预期研究目标。