核壳异质结构铜纳米线的可控制备、导电网络构筑与性能研究

The construction and application of conductive network based on Cu nanowires (Cu NWs) is an important development direction in the flexible wearable electronics field. However, it remains a great challenge to synthesize highly dispersive, high aspect ratio, and highly anti-oxidative single-crystalline Cu NWs via a large-scalable, low cost approach. In this work, highly dispersive, ultrafine high aspect ratio single-crystalline Cu NWs is synthesized via solvothermal route. The core-shell heterostructure Cu NWs, wrapped by reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and polypyrole (PPy), respectively, are employed as conductive building blocks to construct the conductive networks. The effect of shell material structure, interfacial structure and construction type of networks on the conductivity and anti-oxidation of conductive networks will be investigated from microstructure. Moreover, the resistance variation mechanism of networks on mechanical deformation and oxidation is further expounded. RGO and PPy act as protective, adhesion layers, and conductive bridges, therefore they could address the issues of low anti-oxidation, high contact resistance, and poor adhesion to substrate. The obtained results will provide both experimental and theoretical data to develop new conductive building blocks for flexible wearable electronics.

基于铜纳米线（Cu NWs）导电网络的构筑及应用是柔性可穿戴电子领域的重要发展方向，但大批量、低成本可控制备高分散性、高长径比和高抗氧化性的单晶Cu NWs仍面临巨大挑战。本研究通过溶剂热法制备高分散性、高长径比的单晶Cu NWs，分别以还原氧化石墨烯（RGO）和聚吡咯(PPy)为壳层材料制备核壳异质结构Cu NWs，以其为导电基元构筑导电网络；从微观结构研究壳层材料结构、界面结构、网络构筑方式对导电网络导电性和抗氧化性的影响，阐述导电网络在机械形变及氧化作用下电阻的变化机理。本研究中RGO和PPy起到抗氧层、粘结层和导电桥梁作用，可解决Cu NWs导电网络的抗氧化性低、接触电阻高、与基体粘结性差等问题，为柔性可穿戴电子器件中导电基元材料的开发提供理论支撑和基础实验数据。

基于铜纳米线（Cu NWs）导电网络的构筑及应用是柔性可穿戴电子领域的重要发展方向，但大批量、低成本可控制备高分散性、高长径比和高抗氧化性的单晶Cu NWs仍面临巨大挑战。本研究选用不同结构导向剂，通过溶剂热法制备高分散性、高长径比的单晶Cu NWs。主要包括：1. 以CuCl2为铜源，葡萄糖为还原剂，油胺和油酸为双结构导向剂制备直径可控的铜纳米线，并将其应用于高性能的柔性电子器件-柔性导体和可打印柔性导电线路中。.2. 以无水CuCl2为铜源，油胺为结构导向剂，抗坏血酸为还原剂，水/乙醇为溶剂介质制备高长径比铜纳米线，借助电化学置换法得到抗氧化性佳Cu@Ag纳米线，与rGO杂化制备柔性传感器，其传感范围达374%，灵敏度达到87362，运用原位扫描研究其传感机理。.3. 以无水CuCl2为铜源，十六胺为结构导向剂，抗坏血酸为还原剂，制备高长径比铜纳米线。同时添加吡咯，获得Cu@PPy纳米线，通过电镜、电子能谱射线分析其抗氧化性能，与银纳米花杂化制备柔性传感器，其检测范围达185%，灵敏度达1.28×106，指出裂纹机理、抑制裂纹产生机理及滑移机理发挥的作用。.本研究中Ag和PPy起到抗氧层、粘结层和导电桥梁作用，可解决Cu NWs导电网络的抗氧化性低、接触电阻高、与基体粘结性差等问题，为柔性可穿戴电子器件中导电基元材料的开发提供理论支撑和基础实验数据。