基于多源地震波场的高精度匹配方法研究

This project first proposes high-resolution matching method based on multi-source (active source and passive source) seismic, and deduce the high-resolution multi-source seismic matching formula and realize solution of optimal norm approximation. Compared with traditional methods, this method not only can be used to match multi-source seismic, but also to protect the detail information of signal, suppress random noise and a high computation speed. Matching results of high precision multi-source have higher consistency and signal to noise ratio. Accroding to use this method, We can eliminate adverse impact including such objective factor as type of seismic source, noise and instrument, and retain effective reflection information and seismic abnormal caused by reservoir changes as much as possible to provide a new idea for the study of distribution of subsurface geological formations or reservoir changes in physical properties..We use fast soft thresholding algorithm method to fast solving, combining with compressed sensing principle in the process of solving high-resolution matching formulas of multi-source seismic. Thus, we can not only get matching results with high accuracy, but also possess high computational efficiency and guarantee results are practical and effective. Multi-source seismic data contains abundant information of wave field. The research on multi-source seismic imaging can obtain high resolution imaging results, which can more accurate perception of subsurface geological structure and stratigraphic distribution, and also provide valuable ideas for combined application of multi-source seismic.

项目首次提出了多源地震(主动源和被动源)的高精度匹配方法，推导多源地震的高精度匹配公式，并实现最优范数近似求解。与传统方法相比，本方法不仅能用于多源地震的匹配，还具有保护信号的细节信息、压制随机噪声及计算速度快的优点。高精度多源地震匹配结果具有较高的一致性和信噪比。通过使用该方法，消除因震源类型、噪声、仪器等客观因素产生的不利影响，尽可能多的保留有效反射信息和因储层变化而引起的地震异常，为研究地下地质构造或储层物性变化提供了一种新的技术思路。.对多源地震的高精度匹配公式求解时，与压缩感知原理相结合，采用快速软阈值迭代法进行快速求解，不仅可以得到高精度的匹配结果，而且具有较高的计算效率，保证其实用有效。多源地震数据包含丰富的波场信息，研究多源地震的成像能得到高分辨率的成像结果，可以更准确的认识地下地质构造和地层分布，也为多源地震的联合应用提供有实用价值的思路。

提出了多源地震的高精度匹配方法，推导多源地震的高精度匹配公式，并实现最优范数近似求解。本方法不仅能用于多源地震的匹配，还具有保护信号的细节信息、压制随机噪声及计算速度快的优点。高精度多源地震匹配结果具有较高的一致性和信噪比。对多源地震的高精度匹配公式求解时，与压缩感知原理相结合，采用快速软阈值迭代法进行快速求解，不仅可以得到高精度的匹配结果，而且具有较高的计算效率，保证其实用有效。.项目主要完成了以下内容：① 推导高精度多源地震匹配滤波公式，进行了最优范数求解；② 建立多源地震的高精度匹配滤波方法，研究了多源地震匹配公式中的快速迭代软阈值算法；③ 使用模拟数据和实际地震数据检验了多源地震匹配滤波效果；④ 建立了多源地震的微地震（被动源）道间能量叠加的微地震事件识别方法；⑤ 通过研究微地震（被动源），提出了FAST-AIC初至自动拾取方法；⑥ 基于压缩感知的多跳地震数据采集技术与方法。