固态光储能化学电源的构建

Exploring and investigaing of new materials, new techonology and new system is the intrinsic driving force for the gradual progress of chemical power sources. Among all efforts, the concept innovation is the holy grail for new energy science. Here, chemical power sources and solar cells are two independent orientations in new energy fields, accompanied always with parallel development. In this proposal, we have been focused on the concept innovation on the basis of the fabrication of new chemical power sources-solid state solar storable chemical power sources. The specific strategy is to fabricate solid state solar storable chemical power sources, including solar storable secondary batteries and solar storable capacitors, based on the coupling mechanism of solid state perovskite solar cells and solid state chemical power sources, as well as the synergistic effect of cathon transmission and hole transport on the composite film consisted of polymer electrolyte and hole transport materials (HTM). In the meantime, the target is to realize and demonstrate the general thought of continuous photovoltaic conversion, energy transfer and control process from solar energy to electric energy, electric energy to chemical energy, and chemical energy to electric energy (solar to chemical to electric). Finally, the prospective original innovation should be mainly focused in this proposal. The knowledge proposed in this study will be important for fabrication and development of new chemical power sources in future. This will beneficial to the theoretical research and potential application of new materials, new technology and new battery system.

新材料、新技术和新体系的探索和研究，是化学电源技术不断进步的内在驱动力。其中，概念创新更是新能源科学追求的圣杯。化学电源和太阳能电池是新能源领域中两类相对独立的方向，历来并行发展。本项目力求概念创新，提出构建一类新型化学电源体系-固态光储能化学电源。具体策略是基于固态的钙钛矿太阳能电池与固态化学电源反应机制的耦合机制，制备聚合物电解质与空穴传输材料的复合膜，实现阳离子传到与空穴传输的协同作用，进而构建一类固态光储能化学电源，包括固态光储能型的二次电池和电容器器件等。同时，项目要实现并验证从太阳能到电能、电能到化学能、化学能再到电能（“光-化-电”）的连续光电转换、能量传输与控制过程的总体思路，从而重点实现化学电源体系的前瞻性的原始创新。这也将可为未来新体系化学电源的构筑与发展奠定可靠基础，对新材料、新技术和新体系电池发展具有重要科学意义和潜在应用前景。

太阳能电池的功能在于太阳能向电能的能量转换，二次电池的功能主要体现在化学能与电能之间的能量存储与应用，这两大新能源领域的研究方向各具优势，但一般不相互交集。因此，将太阳能电池与二次电池进行耦合，进而构建出可实现光储一体化的光储能二次电池具有巨大的挑战。为此，项目重点在光储能二次构建方面开展了探索研究，主要研究成果如下：.1) 准固态光储能电池：成功构建了基于染料敏化太阳能太阳能电池激发和PEO凝胶电解质的准固态光储能电池，并改善了器件的稳定性。这种光储能器件的总能量转换效率为0.3%。.2) 光驱动锂-硫电池：基于钙钛矿太阳能电池激发和共享碳电极的一体模式构建了光驱动高比能锂-硫电池。该器件不仅实现了高比容量，同时也可以实现5.1%的总能量转换效率。.3) 光储能锌电池：基于钙钛矿太阳能电池激发和三明治型共享电极构建了光储能水系锌电池，构建的器件不仅兼具高的能量密度和功率密度，还实现高的光能利用效率，其总能量转换效率达6.4%。.4) 准固态光储能电容器：借助于Janus非对称结构共享电极和凝胶电解质，并将钙钛矿太阳能电池和水系超级电容器结合，构建出准固态光储能电容器，器件光储能功率提升50倍，总能量转换效率达4%。.5)室内光储能全固态锂-硫电池：基于室内钙钛矿太阳能电池激发模式和构建出室内应用的高效率高安全性的光储能全固态锂-硫电池，其能量转换效率可达11.2%，并可在工作状态下实现连续稳定运行。.总之，本项目基于太阳能电池与二次电池的耦合，构建出能量型的光储能二次电池和功率型的光储能电容器，实现了光储一体化器件构建的概念创新，圆满完成了项目预期目标。项目研究成果对光储一体化器件的研发具有指导意义。.项目研究成果申请中国发明专利3项，发表SCI收录论文8篇。项目执行期间，培养博士研究生3名，硕士研究生1名。