基于免疫和容错理论的智能配电网自愈研究

The access of distributed resources and the increase of user interaction make the dynamic behavior become complex, and the operational risk increase for the smart distribution network. Self-healing control is the basic requirement of smart distribution network, while unified self-healing control theory has not yet formed, and self-healing methods need further research at present. The subject is proposed to use the mechanism of the immune system to inspire the design of fault-tolerant control, thus achieving self-healing control for complex distribution network.The mechanism of immune study, immune memory, immune feedback, and antibody diversity will be learned from the immune system to enhance the capability of the fault-tolerant control system for rapid fault diagnosis, memory, self-learning and adaptability. The method will be researched to combine the characteristics of the immune system with passive and active fault tolerant control system, and the solution of self-healing control for complex system such as distribution network by fault tolerant control which inspired by immune will be worked out. Model oriented fault tolerant control of distribution network resource structure will be proposed, and the fault tolerant control scheme suitable for the model will be designed, the control strategy and specific implementation will be determined for it.The subject will expand the research ideas and lay the theoretical basis for distribution network self-healing through the combination of biological immune mechanisms with fault tolerant control.

分布式电源的接入、用户互动电力的增加，使得智能配电网的动态行为变得复杂，运行风险大大增加，对其实施自愈控制是智能配电网的基本要求，目前配电网自愈控制的统一理论体系尚未形成，具体的自愈控制方法还亟待进一步的研究。课题提出利用免疫系统的工作机理来启发容错控制系统的设计，进而实现针对复杂配电网的自愈控制。研究借鉴免疫学习、免疫记忆、免疫反馈、抗体的多样性等机制来提高容错控制系统的快速故障诊断能力、记忆能力、自学习和自适应能力的可行性及实现方法，研究将免疫系统的特性与被动、主动容错控制系统相结合的方法；研究免疫启发的容错控制系统应用于智能配电网这类复杂系统自愈控制的解决方案；研究面向容错控制的配电网资源结构模型，并针对该模型设计合适的容错控制方案，确定容错控制策略，并研究具体的实现方法。课题旨在通过生物免疫机制与容错控制的结合拓展配电网自愈的研究思路，为智能配电网自愈的实施奠定理论基础。

在智能电网快速发展的背景下，充分利用新的智能控制手段，实现对电网运行的灵活控制、保证电网的良好运行状态具有重要的意义。项目围绕配电网的自愈问题开展研究，针对正常运行时的状态评价方法、故障时的故障处理及恢复方法、异常情况下的风险评估方法等进行研究，提出一种基于生物免疫原理的配电网运行状态评价方法，并在此基础上对免疫状态检测器进行改进，实现对变压器健康状态的自动有效识别，状态评价的结果可为电网的自愈控制提供判断依据；提出一种基于容错思想的配电网自愈控制方法，将配电网划分为在运网络和冗余资源网络的叠加，通过网络重构，利用冗余资源来代替故障单元的功能，保证电网的供电能力;同时分析了外部条件对电网运行状态的影响，提出了异常气象条件下电网的状态预警方法，分析了电动汽车互动对配电网运行状态的影响。项目的研究将为电网的自愈控制提供理论参考。