中国分舌蜂属物种资源评价及其分类研究

Pollination by wild bees has an important role for agriculture and sustainable development of the mankind society. Evaluation of wild bee diversity and its variety would firm and promote the agricultural production. At present, the demand for recognization of Colletes species in practice has been restricted by the vague species resource background in China. Based on the extensively collections in the different climate belt plots from China, and by means of the integrative methods of external compared morphology, DNA taxonomy, nesting biology and pollination biology, the staffs of the item would exactly recognize and redescribe the species of Chinese Colletes, establish the traditional key to the species of Chinese Colletes, construct Chinese Colletes information bank and alternately retrieval system, and would have a goal in accomplishing the species class taxonomic study on Chinese Colletes, satisfying the demand for recognization of Colletes species in pollination or agricutural practice, improving the level of systematic study of Chinese Colletes, and decreasing the gap between Chinese Colletes study and the same kind of international study.

野生蜜蜂传粉对农业乃至人类社会的可持续发展有着极其重要的意义，评价野生蜜蜂资源的多样性及其变化在稳定和促进农业生产起着举足轻重的作用。中国分舌蜂属物种资源本底目前不清, 严重制约我国生产实践中对分舌蜂属种类知识的需求。本项目以我国不同气候带样地的广泛采集为基础，综合运用外部形态比较、DNA分子分类、营巢生物学和传粉生物学学等多学科的研究技术与方法，准确识别并重新描记中国分舌蜂属的不同物种，建立中国分舌蜂属物种的传统分类检索表，同时构建中国分舌蜂属物种信息库及交互检索系统，以期实现中国分舌蜂属种级阶元的分类学研究，满足我国传粉及农业生产实践中对分舌蜂属种类知识的需求，提高我国分舌蜂属的系统学研究层次，缩小与国际同类研究领域的差距。

在本项目的执行过程中，以我国不同气候带样地的广泛采集及中国科学院动物所昆虫标本馆的馆藏标本为基础，综合运用外部形态比较、DNA 分子分类和传粉生物学等多学科的研究技术与方法，已准确识别并鉴定出中国分舌蜂属物种近65种，已正式发表27种，其中包括7新种6新记录种，首次描记了大分舌蜂(Colletes gigas)雄性并以此将其首次归入Colletes succinctus-group内；建立中国分舌蜂属Colletes succinctus-group及Colletes clypearis-group物种的传统分类检索表，同时构建了中国分舌蜂属已知物种信息数据库，初步实现了中国分舌蜂属种级阶元的分类学研究，可满足我国生产实践中对分舌蜂属种类知识的需求，一定程度上提高了我国分舌蜂属的系统学研究层次并缩小了与国际同类研究领域的差距。