The same or different kinds of stem cells which locate in the same stem cell niche will compete the right position and regulation signals, which is called stem cell competition. The proper competition is important for maintaining the stem cell population, fitness and the special ability of differentiation. For the past few years, a bunch of researches showed the functions and regulation methods of stem cell competition in the context of development and tissue homeostasis. However, the change, function and regulation mechanism of stem cell competition in aging process is still unknown. Our preliminary data show that Lamin-B Receptor (LBR) abnormally aggregates in the old cyst stem cell, which may disrupt the stem cell competition in Drosophila testis via JAK-STAT signaling, and in turn leads to the loss of germline stem cell in testis upon aging. Here, we plan to study the change of stem cell competition during testis aging, and explore the molecular mechanism of how LBR leads to the breakdown of stem cell competition in aged testis, and illuminate the cause of LBR abnormal aggregation. Our research may reveal a new mechanism of stem cell aging, and provide important data basis for studying the pathogenesis of stem cell age-associated human diseases and exploring new strategies for disease treatments.
位于同一干细胞龛中的异种或同种干细胞之间竞争龛中适于自身生存的位置和调控信号的行为被称为干细胞竞争。恰当的竞争对维持干细胞群体的数目稳定、活力及特异的分化能力有重要意义。近年来相当数量的工作报道了干细胞竞争在发育和稳态维持中的重要作用及调控机制。然而干细胞竞争与衰老之间的关系尚不明确,其在衰老过程中的变化情况及对器官衰老的影响还未被报道。我们的前期研究发现,衰老精巢干细胞龛中的Lamin-B Receptor (LBR)蛋白发生错误聚积,其可能通过JAK-STAT信号导致包囊干细胞与生殖干细胞之间的竞争失衡,进而诱发生殖干细胞丢失。在本项目中,我们将利用精巢干细胞龛系统研究衰老过程中干细胞竞争的变化情况,揭示LBR介导衰老过程中干细胞竞争失衡的分子机制,探究LBR错误聚积的原因。我们的研究将有望揭示新的干细胞衰老机制,为研究干细胞衰老相关疾病发病机理及开发相应的治疗策略提供有利的理论依据。
细胞竞争在维持细胞群体的数目稳定、活力及特定的分化能力方面起重要作用。细胞竞争是机体维持体内细胞活力的一种机制,其对器官发育和稳态维持有重要生理作用。然而,细胞竞争在器官衰老中的生理功能和调控机制尚不清楚。本项目综合利用果蝇生殖腺、成虫盘及肠道系统,系统地研究了核纤层蛋白Lamin-B和LBR在细胞竞争中的作用,并揭示了核纤层介导的细胞竞争在器官衰老及肿瘤恶化过程中的功能及调控机制。目前共取得3项重要的学术进展:包括(1)揭示了生理及病理条件下核纤层蛋白Lamin-B/LBR在快速分裂细胞中的表达变化,以及Lamin-B/LBR介导的细胞竞争的生理病理功能;(2) 阐明了核纤层蛋白Lamin-B/LBR在果蝇雄性生殖腺和成虫盘中调控细胞竞争的具体分子机制;(3)阐明了衰老果蝇的精巢中核纤层蛋白LBR异常聚积的分子机制,并找到了控Lamin-B/LBR介导的细胞竞争失衡的相关信号通路。在执行的四年间,该项目进展顺利,已完成当初制定的各项目标,在本项目支持下,已经有两篇相关学术论文发表,并还有几篇论文在投稿和撰写中。这项研究阐释了衰老和肿瘤发生过程中细胞竞争的作用,丰富了现有器官个体衰老和肿瘤恶化的分子机制,并为发现新的针对抗衰老及衰老相关疾病的疗法和药物研制提供了有效的技术手段、科学数据和理论基础。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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