基于壮族出生队列的孕早期环境雌激素污染物联合暴露与胎儿婴儿发育情况的关系研究

Environmental estrogens (EEs) pollutants are typical environmental endocrine disruptors. A large number of animal experiments and individual group studies had confirmed that prenatal EEs exposure will harm the growth and development of offspring. However, most of the previous studies were researching the single exposure of EEs. And the exposure window was not during on the first-trimester of pregnancy which is the key stage of embryonic development and organ formation. Therefore, detecting the exposure levels of variety of EEs in this period can help to reflect fully the toxic effects of EEs. To assess EEs pollutants combined effects of the offspring development during the first-trimester of pregnancy, based of the Guangxi Zhuang nationality birth cohort project, we will recruit 1200 cases of first-trimester of pregnant women to carry out investigations of EEs pollutants exposure. The concentration of the four kinds of EEs pollutants in the maternal blood, which are alkyl phenol, phthalic acid ester, bisphenol A and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBS) ,would be detected that would help to build the exposure database of EEs pollutants in corhot. The development situation of fetal and infants would be follow up untill 12 month. The association between the combined exposure of EEs pollutants during of the first-trimester of pregnancy and the development of fetal and infants would be revealed.This project would provide scientific basis for the tertiary prevention of reproductive health of pregnant women and development of infant in Guangxi.

环境雌激素(environmental estrogens, EEs)污染物是典型环境内分泌干扰物，大量的动物实验和个别人群研究已经证实母体EEs产前暴露会危害子代的生长发育。以往EEs毒性效应的研究多为单一EEs的暴露效应，且暴露窗口未在胚胎发育和器官形成的孕早期，因此研究孕早期多种EEs暴露水平有助于全面反映EEs的毒性效应。为了评价多种EEs污染物在孕早期对子代发育影响的联合效应，本项目组在前期建立的广西壮族出生队列基础上，拟招募1200例孕早期妇女开展EEs污染物暴露情况调查，测定母体血样中四类EEs污染物（烷基酚类、邻苯二甲酸酯类、双酚类和多氯联苯类）的暴露水平，构建队列的EEs污染物暴露数据库，同时追踪调查其胎儿和婴儿的发育情况，研究多种EEs污染物联合暴露与胎儿、婴儿发育情况的关系，为广西孕妇生殖健康和婴幼儿发育健康的三级预防提供科学依据。

环境雌激素(environmental estrogens, EEs)是最早发现的典型环境内分泌干扰物，它们模拟或拮抗机体的内源性激素，通过基因组或非基因组信号通路激活或抑制内源雌激素活性，从而产生抗/类雌激素效应，干扰内源雌激素正常的生理功能，破坏生物体性功能，进而导致生殖和发育功能异常。本研究主要基于广西壮族人群出生队列研究平台，开展了孕早期妇女血液样本中多种雌激素类环境暴露物（包括双酚类、烷基酚类、邻苯二甲酸酯类、全氟类化合物）的检测，并分析环境雌激素暴露对母亲妊娠期并发症（如妊娠高血压、妊娠糖尿病、妊娠期甲状腺功能异常、产后出血等）和婴幼儿发育（如早产、胎儿生长受限、新生儿出生体重和身高、新生儿白细胞端粒长度）的关系。研究结果显示，双酚类的暴露婴儿出生体重呈负相关，与新生儿端粒长度呈负相关，女婴患早产（PTB）的风险增加相关，妊娠糖尿病发生风险之间具有负向联系，影响妊娠期间的甲状腺激素水平；全氟化合物暴露显著增加妊娠高血压发生风险，增加了产后出血的风险；邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物暴露增加胎儿生长受限的风险。本研究报道了十几种生命早期雌激素类环境暴露的危险因素对母婴健康的影响，为保护壮族人群母婴健康提供了科学依据。