空间目标偏振成像探测器关键技术研究

With the development of space applications in the world, a lot of space debris has seriously threatened the safety of the spacecrafts in orbit. As an effective early warning method, photoelectric observation can provide some basic information of the space targets, such as elevation to ensure the safety of spacecraft. At present, the luminous intensity detection technology is the most common way used in the domestic astronomical observations, which is seriously affected by target brightness, background noises and atmospheric environment. Therefore, this project , which cooperate with Changchun University of Technology, will study the polarization detection technology to improve the efficiency of photoelectric detection and overcome the difficulties in the non real-time observation of traditional polarization measurement by the development of micro-polarizer array. The research results will be applied in the practical observation of Changchun observatory and it will lay a firm foundation for the father study and application of polarization detection technology to the astronomical observation.

随着世界各国对空间应用的发展，产生了很多空间碎片严重地威胁着在轨运行航天器的安全，光电观测可以提供空间目标位置的测量信息，为航天器提供预警确保航天器的安全。目前，国内各个天文台站用的光电观测技术多为光强度探测技术，该技术受目标亮度、背景光和大气环境影响严重。因此，本项目与长春理工大学合作研究偏振探测技术来提高光电探测效率，通过研制微偏振片阵列克服传统偏振测量不能实现实时观测的缺点。将微偏振阵列应用到长春站观测任务中，开展偏振探测的研究，为偏振探测技术应用到天文观测中打下坚实的基础。

本项目针对空间技术的发展，开展了将偏振探测技术应用于空间目标探测方面的研究。鉴于目前不断增加的空间碎片严重地威胁在轨运行航天器的安全。虽然光电观测可以提供空间目标位置的测量信息，为航天器提供预警，但该技术受目标亮度、背景光和大气环境影响严重，稳定性较低。因此，本项目与长春理工大学合作，研究偏振探测技术提高光电探测效率，通过研制微偏振片阵列克服传统偏振测量不能实现实时观测的缺点。最后，将微偏振阵列应用到长春站观测任务中，开展偏振探测的实验研究，本项目研究成果为将偏振探测技术应用到天文观测中打下坚实的基础。