ZnO稀磁半导体的ALD调控制备、磁性包覆及微波/红外兼容隐身性能研究

Microwave/infrared compatible stealth is the current research focus of stealth materials. ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductors are representative stealthy materials with many advantages such as light weight, good stability and diverse magnetic performance, thus much attention has been attached to them. However, very limited studies on ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductors have been reported and traditional methods have no good control over constituents of products, which lead to poor cognition about their structure-property relationships. In this research project, we propose to use Atomic layer deposition (ALD) to prepare ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductors with different constituents and systematically investigate their properties of optics, magnetics, infrared emission and microwave absorption. Then, we will select several ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductors with relatively good performances, coat them with magnetic metallic materials and thus fabricate ferromagnetic metal/ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductors core-shell structure to further optimize infrared emission and microwave absorption properties. Combined with the theoretical calculation, we will clarify the relationships among material structures, infrared emission and microwave absorbing performances. Therefore, this project may offer new ideas and scientific basis to the microwave/infrared compatibly stealthy materials.

微波/红外兼容隐身是目前隐身材料的研究重点。ZnO稀磁半导体具有轻质、稳定性好和丰富可调的磁性能等优点，因而受到高度重视。但是，目前这类材料研究较少，传统的制备方法也难以精确控制组分，导致有关材料结构与性能之间的关系仍不清楚。本项目拟利用原子层沉积(ALD)方法制备不同组分掺杂的ZnO稀磁半导体，详细研究其光学、磁学、红外发射和吸波性能。挑选若干性能较好的ZnO稀磁半导体，对其采用磁性金属材料包覆改性，构筑铁磁金属包覆ZnO稀磁半导体的结构，系统研究包覆层组分、结构与红外发射、微波吸收性能之间的关系和规律。结合理论计算，揭示材料结构与红外发射/微波吸收的关联规律。因此，本项目有望为微波/红外兼容隐身材料的研发提供新思路和科学依据。

微波/红外兼容隐身是目前隐身材料的研究重点。ZnO稀磁半导体具有轻质、稳定性好和丰富可调的磁性能等优点，因而受到高度重视。但是，目前这类材料研究较少，传统的制备方法也难以精确控制组分，导致有关材料结构与性能之间的关系仍不清楚。在本项目资金支持下，项目的各项研究内容都顺利进行，通过简单的乙炔热解方法，制备了ZnO@C核壳纳米棒。与初始ZnO相比，ZnO@C核壳结构可以明显提高微波吸收性能。进一步扩展，合成了TiO2@C和BaTiO3@C纳米核壳结构，并研究了其微波吸收性能。以CoFe2O4为前体，催化分解乙炔制备了CoFe/C核壳纳米复合材料，CoFe/C有着很好的吸收强度和较宽的吸收频带。这些工作为深入探索材料形貌、尺寸、组分与吸收特性之间的关系奠定基础，不仅有助于理解吸波机制，也能从新的角度指导电磁波吸收材料的合成。本项目还发展了多种双金属氢氧化物（LDH）材料的新合成方法，这些材料展现了优异的模拟酶特性，建立了一套用于检测过氧化氢和葡萄糖的简单且灵敏度高的比色检测方法。而且，可控制备的LDH还拥有高的电化学性能，在未来能源存储领域也有广阔的前景。在本项目资助下，获得的研究成果发表在Chemical Communication、Journal of Materials Chemistry C、Journal of Colloid and Interface Science、Dalton Transactions、New Journal of Chemistry等国内外重要SCI期刊上。