自恢复碱性吸收剂式高效固碳光生物反应器内能质传输与生化转化特性及强化

This project is proposed to resolve the bottleneck problems during microalgal bio-energy conversion process when using CO2 in flue gas as carbon source in the fields of environmental pollution management and bio-energy utilization. Considering the low transfer efficiency of CO2 in microalgal suspension and the toxic effects of complex components in flue gas on microalgae growth, we proposed new ideas of phased implementation on carbon fixation and synergistic intensification on bioenergy production based on the self-recovery alkalinity absorbent photobioreactor, which contain three processes in detail, i.e. high-efficiency gas dissolution, ion transfer and carbon reduction for energy production. Firstly, the transfer, adsorption and desorption characteristics of flue gas in alkalinity absorbent under multi-phase flow will be researched, and revelant adsorption and desorption kinetic modelling will be constructed. Secondly, simulations on ion concentration fields in the photobioreactor will be conducted, and effects of ion concentration fields on ion transfer kinetics across the exchange membrane will be studied. Coupled effects of ion transfer kinetics across the exchange membrane and multi-phase flow on self-recovery mechanism of alkalinity absorbent will be illuminated. Thirdly, influences of multi-phase flow and mass transfer on biochemical conversion characteristics of microalgae will be researched. And the directional regulation of different metabolites in microalgae cells will be studied. Lastly, based on the above researches, phased implementation of carbon fixation theory through alkalinity absorbent and microalgae biomass for high efficiency CO2 fixation and synergistic intensification theory for high efficiency bio-energy production will be studied.

项目以解决环境污染治理和生物质能利用领域内利用工业烟气CO2进行微藻生物质能源转化过程中的关键技术瓶颈为背景，针对烟气中CO2等酸性气体在微藻培养液内传质受限及烟气复杂成分对微藻的毒害作用等问题，提出基于自恢复碱性吸收剂式光生物反应器的高效气相溶解、离子传输和碳还原能质转化的分步固碳、协同强化的思想。拟通过实验和理论手段研究烟气多组分物质在碱性吸收剂多相流动状态下的传输吸附和脱除特性，建立多组分物质传输吸附和脱除动力学模型；模拟获得反应器内酸根离子浓度场并研究跨交换膜离子交换传输动力学特性及其随浓度场变化规律，阐明碱性吸收剂自恢复循环利用机制及其与离子交换传输特性的耦合影响；获得多相流动和物质传输对微藻生化转化特性的影响规律，得到物质传输影响下微藻代谢产物定向调控理论；在以上研究基础上，探索以高效固碳为目标的碱性吸收剂-微藻生物质固定的分步固碳理论和以高效产能为目标的协同调控强化理论。

项目以解决环境污染治理与生物质能利用领域内利用工业烟气CO2进行微藻生物质能源转化过程中的关键科学技术瓶颈为背景，针对烟气中CO2等酸性气体在微藻培养液内传质受限及烟气复杂污染物对微藻的毒害作用等问题，开展了以下4个方面的研究工作：（1）建立了烟气内CO2在含碱性吸收剂膜式光生物反应器内的二维对称吸附模型，明晰了运行参数对CO2吸附影响，获得了CO2吸附强化手段；得到了悬浮培养液内多因素对微藻生长固碳动力学特性耦合影响规律，构建了多因素耦合影响下微藻生长和固碳动力学模型，获得定量描述微藻固碳速率的数学关系式和响应曲面；2）构建了高效微藻生物固碳离子交换膜式光生物反应器，明晰了反应器多组分离子跨交换膜传输规律及其对微藻生长代谢能源产出影响，揭示了以废水为培养液时污染物传输对微藻光合效率和能质转化的影响；3）探索了多途径微藻碳还原能质转化强化手段，结合微藻不同生长阶段特性，阐明了光、碳和营养物等多因素影响下微藻分阶段固碳和油脂合成动力学特性；4）获得了以高效固碳、废水污染物治理和生物能源产出为目标的定向调控手段和协同调控方法，明晰了微藻碳还原能质转化过程中流动、传输和光生化转化相互作用机制，揭示了CO2和污染物转移/转化路径，有效强化了微藻碳还原能质转化速率，推动了高效微藻固碳产油光生物反应器技术发展。项目执行期间，发表高水平SCI论文17篇，其中，中科院大类一区SCI论文11篇（含ESI高被引论文1篇），二区SCI论文4篇，三区SCI论文2篇，第一标注论文7篇，第二标注论文9篇，第三标注论文1篇；参与出版Springer英文专著1个章节；获得授权国家发明专利1件，申请国家发明专利6件；参加国内外学术会议9次，培养研究生10名、本科生31名。研究成果获省部级优秀论文奖2项，项目组成员获得人才项目2人次，学生获得省部级以上奖项10余项。