脱水蛋白在植物种质超低温保存中的分子作用研究

Dehydrins appear to be able to reduce dehydration and rehydration injuries of plant cells by mechanisms of molecular chaperones. The present study applied the research advances on dedydrins to cryopreservation of plant cells. After a dehydrin induction treatment, rice suspensions were successfully cryopreserved by a pregrowth-desiccation protocol. Fertile plantlets were regenerated from the recovered cells. The survival rate was higher than that of the traditional two-step method. Protocorm-like-bodies of Dendrobium candidum were desiccated to different water contents by the air-drying method. Samples at different water contents were cryoperservated and the dehydrins were assessed. Results from immunological detection showed that two bands of the heat-stable proteins with respective molecular masses of 28.7 and 34.3 kDa were dehydrins, which appeared when water content dropped to 1.0g H2O/g DW. Arabidopsis suspensions were established from mutations in ABA synthesis or ABA response pathways. Cryopreservation of these cell lines indicated that ABA synthesis and response were required for the pregrowth-desiccation cryopreservation procedure but not for the vitrification procedure.

脱水蛋白在植物反应水缺失的过程中扮演着重要的角色，将这方面的新知识应用于植物种质抄低温保存研究，能减轻脱水损伤、优化冻存效果。本课题研究诱导脱水蛋白表达、真空浸润脱水蛋白和导入脱水蛋白基因等处理对禾本科和兰科细胞冷冻保存的影响；探讨脱水蛋白在超低温保存中实现其最佳功能的技术条件、作用部位以及膜保护和分子伴娘等方面的机制。