直膨式空气源热泵墙面板辐射供暖房间室内温度变化规律及优化调控

The indoor environment, which is heated by conventional air source heat pump (ASHP), is always deteriorated due to high temperature gradient. To solve this problem, a novel direct- expansion air source heat pump using wall radiant panel as the condenser is proposed. In this project, the dynamic variation and optimal regulation of indoor temperature are studied using both theoretical and experimental investigation. Firstly, the heat transfer characteristics of wall radiant panel is studied, and its convection heat and radiant heat are obtained. Secondly, the numerical model of indoor temperature is established, and the testing rig for measuring the variation of indoor temperature under the novel heating method is also built up. Based on the studied results, the influence of parameters, such as outdoor air temperature, the wall surface temperature, the heating capacity of ASHP unit, etc., on heating performance of the wall radiant panel and indoor air temperature are indicated. Finally, the optimized designed method for the wall radiant panel as well as the operation mode and optimal regulation of the novel system are given based on optimized indoor heating environment and decreased heating consumption. The studied results are useful to improve the indoor environment when using this novel system, and further promote the application of air source heat pump in building heating and energy saving.

为了解决空气源热泵常规供暖过程中室内温度分层明显和舒适性差的问题，本项目提出了直膨式空气源热泵墙面板辐射供暖系统。采用理论分析、数值模拟和实验研究相结合的方法，开展了供暖新方式下室内环境温度动态变化规律与优化调控方法研究。首先，模拟和实验研究墙面辐射板换热特性，阐明不同工况下墙面辐射板供暖过程中对流与辐射换热量分配规律；其次，建立室内温度动态变化数学模型和搭建供暖新方式下室内温度变化测试试验台，揭示不同参数对辐射板换热性能和室内温度变化的影响规律；最后，基于改善室内供暖热环境和降低建筑供暖能耗的目标，明确墙面辐射板结构参数的优化设计方法，提出针对典型建筑气候区的直膨式空气源热泵墙面板辐射供暖运行方式和控制策略。本项目的研究工作将有效改善空气源热泵供暖房间的室内热环境，从而推动其在建筑供暖和节能中的应用。

空气源热泵是我国当前清洁供暖的重要方式，为了解决空气源热泵供暖过程中室内环境舒适性差的问题，本项目提出了直膨式空气源热泵墙面板辐射供暖系统。开展了新型墙面板换热机理，空气源热泵系统运行特性，室内环境变化规律，以及新系统运行方式和控制策略的优化设计研究。已取得的成果包括：1、设计并优化了新型对流-辐射型墙面板结构。当墙面板换热器翅片间距由10mm增大至20mm时，单位面积换热量减少9.2%，综合考虑换热性能和经济性，新型墙面板结构为翅片间距10mm、翅片高度30mm、制冷剂管路中心距45mm。2、研究了直膨式空气源热泵墙面板辐射供暖系统性能。当送风量为767m3/h时，强制对流换热量、辐射换热量和自然对流换热量占比为7.36:1.55:1.00。标准工况下系统制热COP达到2.78，除霜能效达到43.8%，除霜时间明显缩短。3、研究了对流辐射板面积、安装位置、送风参数等对室内热环境变化的影响，给出了不同工况下辐射板的安装和运行的优化参数。4、给出了空气源热泵辐射板供暖系统在启动、稳定运行和结除霜等不同工况下的运行控制策略。综合压缩机频率和对流辐射板风机开启时间可以有效缩短启动时间，系统在45Hz稳定运行时系统COP最高，40Hz除霜时除霜能效最高，可达3.43。项目期间，培养研究生5名，发表了SCI期刊论文6篇，中文期刊论文3篇，申请国家发明专利1项。本项目以部件性能-系统特性-控制方法的思路，很好的完善了提出的直膨式空气源热泵墙面板辐射供暖系统，有效的改善了空气源热泵供暖下的室内环境，推动了其在我国清洁供暖中的应用，对实现节能减排和健康中国有着重要意义。