The completion of the genomic sequencing project of Musa acuminata A genotype provides a crucial stepping-stone for genetic improvement of banana. But the study of gene function and genetic improvement of banana remain difficult because of sterility and polyploid of most cultivated bananas. CRISPR/Cas9 is a rapidly developing genome editing technology that has been successfully applied for targeted genome editing in plants, and is paving a new way for revealing gene function and breeding in banana. In previous study, we successfully established a induction and regeneration system of banana embryogenic cell suspension, established protoplast regeneration systems in several banana cultivar including Baxi (Musa spp. AAA group). Moreover, we established a highly efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of banana, successfully knocked out MaPDS by using CRISPR/Cas9 system. Based on these foundation, in this project, we select two genes, MaPDS and MaMADS1 for the target gene of Cas9 endonuclease, design sgRNA as target site for CRIPSR/Cas9. By transfecting preassembled complexes of purified Cas9 protein and sgRNA ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) into protoplasts of Baxi banana. A DNA-free genome editing technology system in banana will be established, because no foreign DNA is used in this CRISPR/Cas9 RNP mediated genome editing, the mutants obtained are completely transgene free. The project will be great significance for the further study for generating large-scale mutations and revealing the gene function of banana. At the same time, By screening and evaluating the MaMADS1 mutations obtained in the study, It is expected to obtain new germplasm with good quality of storage and transportion of banana. The project may be widely applicable for producing genome edited banana and accelerating precision banana improvement.
香蕉A基因组序列测定的完成为香蕉基因组改造奠定了至关重要的基础,但香蕉多为三倍体,高度不育,其基因功能研究和遗传改良存在诸多技术困难。CRISPR/Cas9技术的快速发展特别是在植物上的成功应用,为开展香蕉相关研究工作开辟了一条新路径。本研究前期建立了包括巴西蕉在内的香蕉胚性细胞悬浮系和原生质体再生体系,在香蕉上率先建立了CRISPR/Cas9技术体系并获得了MaPDS突变体。基于此基础,本研究拟以MaPDS及MaMADS1为靶标基因,将Cas9蛋白和sgRNA核糖核蛋白复合体导入到巴西蕉原生质体中,在香蕉上建立CRISPR/Cas9 RNP无外源DNA基因组编辑技术体系。本研究为后继利用该技术大批量创制香蕉突变体,研究香蕉基因功能具有重要意义。同时,获得的香蕉MaMADS1突变体经过筛选和评价,有望获得不含外源DNA的耐储运香蕉新种质,对加快香蕉基因编辑育种产业化进程具有非常重要的意义。
CRISPR/Cas9技术的快速发展特别是在植物上的成功应用,为开展香蕉相关研究工作开辟了一条新路径。本研究在前期建立的香蕉CRISPR/Cas9技术体系的基础上,拟在香蕉上建立CRISPR/Cas9 RNP无外源DNA基因组编辑技术体系。依据本项目研究计划以及在实施过程中遇到的问题,调整了项目的部分研究内容并开展了以下研究:香蕉胚性细胞悬浮系的诱导和更新;香蕉的原生质体分离和再生;香蕉无外源DNA基因编辑技术的研究;利用基因编辑技术编辑东莞大蕉基因MaPDS;改造优化香蕉基因编辑载体;开展基因枪法介导并结合液体筛选的香蕉遗传转化;修改原计划靶标基因MaMADS1为MaACO1,对巴西蕉进行敲除突变;构建无转基因残留的基因编辑载体。项目取得了以下研究进展:更新获得了巴西蕉,贡蕉,中蕉8号胚性细胞悬浮系各1份;建立了巴西蕉和大蕉的原生质体分离技术体系,获得了高质量的原生质体;利用CRISPR/Cas9技术编辑东莞大蕉基因PDS,获得基因编辑大蕉再生植株;优化香蕉基因编辑载体,使用香蕉密码子优化的Cas9蛋白和pMaU6c启动子,新载体突变效率较原载体提高4倍;利用基因清除院里构建了无转基因残留的基因编辑载体pLF-pHSP-FLP;建立了基因枪法介导并结合液体筛选的香蕉遗传转化体系;利用基因编辑技术编辑巴西蕉MaACO1,获得了MaACO1突变且能稳定遗传的香蕉新种质,突变果实在自然成熟条件下,乙烯的合成减少且严重滞后,贮运期显著延长,从对照果实的的20天左右延长至80天左右;在乙烯利催熟条件下,突变果实能正常成熟,且主要营养品质与对照无明显差别。说明ACO1是从遗传上对香蕉贮运性进行分子改良的理想靶标位点。这为深入解析香蕉乙烯信号通路的分子调控网络提供了很好的研究材料。项目发表相关研究论文6篇。项目研究结果对加快香蕉基因编辑育种产业化进程具有非常重要的意义。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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