基于无机/有机复合设计的热防护系统柔性隔热材料的构筑及高温损伤机理

High temperature porous thermal insulation material is one of the key techniques to develop flexible Thermal Protection System (TPS) for Inflatable Re-entry Hypersonic Vehicle. The quest for more-efficient flexible thermal protection system technologies necessitates the development of lightweight, high-performance porous thermal insulation materials with exceptional temperature toleration and flexibility. Unfortunately, these two properties tend to be mutually exclusive. In order to solve this problem, we propose a new method for preparing the flexible thermal insulation materials with organic-inorganic composite structure. A high temperature resistant perhydropolysilazane derived SiOx coating is directly deposited on high flexible PI aerogel by spin coating. In this study, we would investigate the optimization design of multi-objective, which could guide the preparation of organic-inorganic composite structure of high temperature flexible thermal insulation material. Moreover, we would develop the performance test, characterization method and performance matching of the flexible materials, which provides theoretical analysis basis for high-temperature thermal-stress response and failure mechanism of the porous materials. The study on high temperature flexible thermal insulation material is becoming a frontier field of basic research. Results showed here afford reliable foundation for this kind of organic-inorganic composite material to be used in various flexible thermal protection systems for inflatable re-entry hypersonic vehicle.

高温柔性隔热材料是新型高超声速充气式再入飞行器热防护系统研制成败最为关键的技术之一。本项目创新地提出先驱体低温转化SiOx涂层涂覆改性聚酰亚胺气凝胶材料的构筑方法，这种无机/有机复合结构设计可从根本上解决隔热材料的耐温性和柔软度不能兼顾这一瓶颈问题，能极大地发挥SiOx涂层耐温性高和静电纺丝纤维改性聚酰亚胺（PI）气凝胶材料的高韧性。本项目拟开展多目标的材料微结构优化设计方法研究，指导新型高温无机/有机复合材料微结构的构筑；同时还将发展这类新型材料的性能测试表征方法和性能匹配技术，为研究材料在复杂热/力载荷下的热-力响应和高温失效机理提供分析依据。本项目属于前沿性的基础研究，其研究成果将为高温柔性隔热材料在充气式再入飞行器的工程化应用提供技术支撑和理论依据。

高温柔性隔热材料是新型高超声速充气式再入飞行器热防护系统研制成败最为关键的技术之一。本项目创新地提出了聚酰亚胺气凝胶材料的构筑方法，这种无机/有机复合结构设计解决了隔热材料的耐温性和柔软度不能兼顾这一瓶颈问题。本项目已开展多目标的材料微结构优化设计方法研究，构筑出新型高温无机/有机复合材料；同时还发展了这类新型材料的性能测试表征方法和性能匹配技术，为复杂热/力载荷下的热-力响应和高温失效机理提供分析依据。本项目属于前沿性的基础研究，其研究成果有望为高温柔性隔热材料在充气式再入飞行器的工程化应用提供技术支撑和理论依据。