基于MEMS开关的无源自启动能量管理电路

All kinds of electronic information products have been unable to avoid the battery life, maintenance, replacement and other challenges. Although the environmental energy collection technology has the potential to overcome these shortcomings, but the prevalence of energy collection is unstable, weak, vulnerable to environmental problems and other issues. Therefore, the current piezoelectric energy conversion system based on the principle of environmental energy collection system must be equipped with energy management circuit, the collection of messy, weak energy after processing, in order to load the power supply. The existing energy management circuit is a complex system, active energy consumption, can not self-Kai and other issues, seriously limiting the efficiency of environmental energy collection technology and application. This project is aimed at energy management circuit of these problems, to carry out MEMS switch electrostatic drive model and hysteresis comparison characteristics of research, and MEMS switch based on the energy management circuit model; the use of electrostatic drive MEMS switch to achieve both the judgment function and the implementation of functions, Replacing the traditional active devices, developed based on MEMS switch passive self-starting energy management circuit prototype and energy collection system prototype; for the realization of MEMS-based passive self-starting energy collection chip accumulation technology base.

各类电子信息产品一直无法回避电池面临的寿命、维护、更换等挑战。环境能量收集技术虽然具备克服这些缺点的潜力，但是普遍存在能量收集不稳定、微弱、易受环境影响等问题。因此，目前以压电换能原理为主的环境能量收集系统都必须配备能量管理电路，把收集到的杂乱、微弱的能量进行处理之后，才能对负载供电。而现有的能量管理电路均存在系统复杂、有源耗能、无法自启等问题，严重限制了环境能量收集技术的效能及应用。本项目就是针对能量管理电路的这些问题，开展MEMS开关的静电驱动模型与迟滞比较特性研究，以及基于MEMS开关的能量管理电路的模型研究；采用静电驱动MEMS开关来同时实现判断功能以及执行功能，替代传统的有源器件，研制基于MEMS开关的无源自启动能量管理电路样机及能量收集系统样机；为实现基于MEMS技术的无源自启动能量收集芯片积累技术基础。

大量无线传感器网应用于条件复杂、无人值守的环境，为电池周期性维护及更换带来了极大的困难。环境能量收集技术虽然具备克服这些缺点的潜力，但是普遍存在能量收集不稳定、微弱、易受环境影响等问题。而现有的能量管理电路均存在系统复杂、有源耗能、无法自启等问题，严重限制了环境能量收集技术的效能及应用。本项目针对能量管理电路存在的问题，采用静电驱动MEMS开关替代传统有源器件，研究并设计了基于MEMS开关的新型高效无源自启动能量管理电路。开展了MEMS开关的静电驱动模型与迟滞特性研究，以及基于MEMS开关的能量管理电路的模型研究。设计并搭建了基于静电驱动MEMS开关的环境能量收集系统，并通过实验证明了可行性和自启动功能。当最大功率点电压靠近或在迟滞窗口内，系统的最大转换效率可达76%。利用MEMS开关取代复杂的控制电路，降低了系统的体积和功耗，为实现基于MEMS技术的无源自启动能量收集芯片积累技术基础。