Lakes are the important components of the Tibet plateau Geomorphic system. Lake level changes and the lake areas are sensitive to climate change.With the development of the dating methods , the plateau lakes are gripping many scientist. Linggo Co lies to west of the Tanggula Mountains (88.52-88.64 E, 33. 79-33.91 N), 95 km away from the Shuanghu town in south and 40 km away from the west of the puruogangri ice field (PIF), the largest glacier group in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) with an area of over 400 km2. It is elonged in S-N with a surface area of 100 km2 and an elevation of 5059 m a.s.l. with palaeoshorelines around the lake. Linggo Co is mainly drained by a glacier-melt water river from the west slope of the ice field as well as lots of small inland seasonal rivers. In this area, the survey on the geology and geomorphology had been done some time ago, but it was lack of the absolute ages on the changes of palaeolevel of the lake, especially the ages of the high levels. Based on the geomorphologic investigation and measurement to Linggo Co in the field, this study propose to find the frequency and scale of the lake level changes. Then, this study will built the absolute ages of the lake level from the Late Pleistocene by the dating the ages of the samples from the lake shorelines, terraces of the river emptied into the lake and desert in the edge of the puruogangri ice field via (OSL) optically stimulated luminescence, cosmogenic radionuclides (CRN) and restore the spatio-temporal variability of the lake, and discuss the palaeoclimate in the area. Not only has this study very important scientific meanings to know the evolution of the Quaternary climate in the area,but also let me understand the palaeoclimate of the lake highlevels in Tibet Plateau.
湖泊是青藏高原地貌系统的重要组成部分,湖泊水位和面积对气候变化响应敏感,是气候变化的"水位计"。随着测年手段的发展,高原湖泊环境变化研究又掀起了一轮高潮。令戈错位于羌塘高原中东部,湖水主要依赖普若岗日冰川融水补给,湖泊古湖岸线发育。令戈错地区的地质地貌调查很早就已开展,但仍缺乏约束湖泊演化、古水位变化的绝对年龄,特别是缺乏高水位的年代控制。本项目拟对青藏高原腹地的令戈错进行野外地貌调查和测量,查清该湖泊晚第四纪以来古水位的时空变化;在此基础上,利用先进的测年手段(OSL、CRN),对湖岸阶地、河流阶地、冰缘沙漠年代样品测定,建立令戈错晚第四纪以来湖泊水位变化的绝对年代,恢复湖泊古水位时空变化,探讨古气候对该地区湖泊水位变化的影响,这将为第四纪湖泊地貌学研究增添新的内容,加深对青藏高原高湖面古气候的理解。
在本项研究中,我们以藏北羌塘高原令戈错周边的沙楔、冰缘沙漠为主要研究对象,探讨湖泊水位变化,并与羌塘高原南缘的冈底斯山间盆底打加错的水位变化进行了空间对比分析,基于野外调查和分析测试结果,主要取得以下几方面认识:.1) 令戈错东岸沙楔的释光年代结果显示,沙楔形成于1.5 ka, 6.5 ka时期,有两次冻裂,并且沙楔顶部残留了一层小冰期时期的风成砂层其粒径与冰缘沙漠物质相近。说明在小冰期以及1.5 ka, 6.5 ka B.P. 时期湖泊水位低于现代湖面高度。.2) 令戈错东部,普若岗日西缘的冰缘沙漠的粒度结果显示粒径主峰在100—400μm之间,也有部分粒径在1000μm左右,是以细沙、中沙和粗砂为主,搬运方式以跃移和推移为主,说明该地区气候干旱、风力强盛。该冰缘沙漠形成于高海拔、中低纬度、直接以被冰川融水改造过的冰碛物质为物源。.3) 同时本研究选择羌塘高原南缘冈底斯山脉-山间盆地内打加错湖泊为研究对象,其沉积粒度指标显示粒度主要分布在16-64μm,为粗粉砂,湖岸沉积粒度偏细,可能是古湖岸线的沉积是强烈的水位震荡导致的深水沉积物。.4)野外发现在打加错八条古湖岸线上都有贝壳碎屑(小于5mm)的存在,对前五条岸线的贝壳碎屑进行AMS14C年代测定,其年代结果基本一致,在2ka B.P.左右,说明全新世晚期湖泊水位震荡剧烈,如果排除碳库效应,贝壳的真实生长年代应该是在2ka B.P.以来,并且是在湖水位剧烈震荡之前形成,因此我们推测至少八级古湖岸线的形成年代一定小于14C年代。.5)选取石英和长石为测年材料,对打加错古湖岸线进行光释光测定。但是石英信号偏暗,之后选用长石作为测年材料。选用两步法(P-IR IR)测定长石释光年代,结果表明打加错湖泊在近四百年来水位震荡剧烈,最高湖泊水位出现在392±28 a B.P. 高出现在湖面59m,与小冰期时期对应;此外,小冰期之后,在157±14 a B.P. ~ 138±11 a B.P.有四个小的湖水位震荡。.6)对比分析藏北羌塘无人区令戈错与冈底斯山间盆地打加错的部分数据结果,显示小冰期时打加错存在高水位,并且水位波动较剧烈,而在藏北的令戈错,湖泊处于低水位。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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