Tribenuron is one of the most widely used herbicide in wheat production in China, and the usage amount will be further expanded. Its risks to soil microbes and soil ecology have already appeared. The C and N cycles in soil are very important material cycles in the earth's soil ecosystem, which play important roles in maintaining soil health and controlling greenhouse gases. However, how tribenuron affects the soil C and N cycles, and the biological mechanism of this affection is still unclear, which will become the potential threats of soil health and ecological environment. Therefore, this project intends to take tribenuron as the research object, in which microcosm experiment, greenhouse pot experiment and field experiment are conducted. This project is based on the residue of tribenuron in soil, combined with 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and GeoChip functional gene microarray, and detection of N2O, NH4+-N and NO3--N, to clear the effects of tribenuron on C and N cycles and the related functional genes. This research will systematically and completely reveal the risks of tribenuron to soil function and ecological security, providing a theoretical basis for the rational use of bensulfuron.
苯磺隆是我国小麦生产中用量最大的除草剂之一,但是残留在土壤中的苯磺隆对土壤健康和生态环境的风险已经显现。土壤C、N循环是地球土壤生态系统中非常重要的两种物质循环,在维持土壤健康和控制温室气体方面有非常重要的作用。然而,苯磺隆如何影响地球土壤C、N循环,以及造成影响的生物学机制尚不明确,这将成为土壤健康和生态环境的潜在威胁。因此,本项目拟以苯磺隆为研究对象,从室内微宇宙实验、温室盆栽实验和田间实验三个层次上,以苯磺隆在土壤中残留降解变化为基础,结合16S rRNA高通量测序和GeoChip基因芯片技术,同时检测土壤呼吸、N2O的量、NH4+-N和NO3--N的浓度等指标,明确苯磺隆胁迫下土壤中与C、N循环相关的功能基因发生的变化,系统全面地揭示苯磺隆对土壤功能和生态安全造成的风险,为苯磺隆的合理使用提供理论基础。
本项目以小麦田常用除草剂苯磺隆为研究对象,为明确其对土壤C、N循环开展研究。通过胁迫实验,在氮肥(尿素)添加与否的基础上,结合高通量测序技术,采用滴定法测序土壤呼吸(CO2释放量)、顶空气相色谱测定土壤N2O,在测序的基础上结合tax4fun对预测与C、N循环相关的功能基因,综合分析了苯磺隆对土壤C、N循环造成的影响。苯磺隆的使用显著改变了土壤中的微生物的组成,在未添加尿素的处理中,Proteobacteria(7天), Chloroflexi(7天), Gemmatimonadota(7天,30天), Myxococcota(7天,15天,60天), Nitrospirota(15天,60天), Desulfobacterota(30天),Verrucomicrobiota(60天),和Methylomirabilota(60天)的相对丰度在不同的采样天数在三个苯磺隆浓度的处理中均被抑制,Verrucomicrobiota的相对丰度在30天被刺激,在三个浓度苯磺隆处理中显著高于对照组。添加尿素处理中,Proteobacteria(1天,7天),Gemmatimonadota(15天),Myxococcota(15天),Chloroflexi(30天),和Methylomirabilota(60天)的相对丰度在苯磺隆处理中显著升高,Chloroflexi(1天),Nitrospirota(1天,7天,30天),Gemmatimonadota(7天), Myxococcota(7天), Methylomirabilota(7天),Myxococcota(30天,60天),Desulfobacterota(30天,60天),Entotheonellaeota(30天),Verrucomicrobiota(60天),和Sumerlaeota(60天)的相对丰度在不同的采样天数在三个苯磺隆浓度的处理中均被抑制。PCoA分析发现,苯磺隆显著改变了细菌的群落结构。土壤中CO2释放量在苯磺隆使用后受到了抑制,尿素添加的土壤中CO2释放量在苯磺隆处理后依然受到抑制。N2O的释放量并未因苯磺隆的添加而受到影响。与C循环相关的乙酰CoA酰基转移酶和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶在不添加尿素的处理中被苯磺隆显著抑制;与N循环相关的硝酸还原酶,亚硝酸还原酶,和一氧化氮还原酶在尿素处理的土壤中被抑制。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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