匹配视角下环境规制与结构升级的能源环境偏向型技术进步效应研究

Energy- and environment- biased technical progress directly refers to the shortage of resources and the deterioration of environment in China's economic transformation and development. It is of great significance to explore the formation mechanism and evolution law of energy- and environment- biased technical progress under the constraints of environmental regulation and industrial upgrading policies for promoting the modernization of harmony between man and nature in the new era. Based on the perspective of policy matching, this project firstly bases on the status quo of multi-policy interactions under the multi-objective decision-making, and analyzes the implementation of environmental regulation and industrial structure upgrading policies. The temporal and spatial characteristics of regional energy- and environment- biased technical progress are identified, and based on this, the identification mechanism of regional technology comparative advantage is constructed. Secondly, taking the environment as a input factor, the mechanism model for the formation of energy- and environment- biased technical progress is constructed to analyze the direct and indirect impacts of environmental regulation and industrial structure upgrading on energy-and environment- biased technical progress. Thirdly, this project empirically tests the independent and simultaneous effects of environmental regulation and industrial structure upgrading on the energy- and environment- biased technical progress. Then, with the results of regression, a single policy strength and timing mechanism between regions and a matching and linkage mechanism of multiple policy systems within the region is revealed in this project. Finally, we propose countermeasures on how to construct and improve the mechanisms and systems that are conducive to the development of China's energy- and environment- biased technical progress on the perspective of policy matching between environmental regulation and industrial structure upgrading.

能源环境偏向型技术进步直指中国经济转型发展中资源短缺和环境恶化问题。探索环境规制和产业升级政策约束下能源环境偏向型技术进步的形成机理和演化规律，对于推进新时代我国人与自然和谐共生的现代化具有重要意义。本文基于政策匹配视角，首先立足于地方政府多目标决策下多重政策互动的现实背景，分析环境规制、产业升级政策的执行现状，并识别区域能源环境偏向型技术进步时空特征，设计区域技术比较优势识别机制；其次，将环境资源化，构建技术进步环境资源偏向性形成机理模型，分析环境规制和产业升级对能源环境偏向型技术进步的直接和间接影响路径；再次，实证检验环境规制和产业升级对能源环境偏向型技术进步的独立和联立效应。根据实证结果，设计区域间单一政策强度和时机选择机制以及区域内多重政策体系内匹配联动机制；最后，基于环境规制与结构升级政策匹配视角，就如何构建完善我国能源环境偏向型技术进步形成的机制和制度提出对策建议。

实现能源和环境要素的边际产出高于其他要素的能源环境偏向型技术进步直指经济发展过程中面临的能源环境约束，对于解决能源耗竭、环境污染具有重要意义。在新发展理念下，能源环境偏向型技术进步不仅能够提升能源效率、缓解能源压力，同时能够降低碳排放、推动碳达峰碳中和目标（简称“双碳”目标）实现。.本项目的研究内容包含四个部分：（1）区域差异化背景下各地区经济发展的比较优势和能源环境偏向型技术进步方向的判断；（2）不同类型的环境规制对能源环境偏向型技术进步的作用机理及其具体的影响；（3）多维度产业结构调整对能源环境偏向型技术进步的影响机制和作用结果；（4）其他因素（金融发展、外商直接投资等）对能源环境偏向型技术进步的协同作用分析与效果评价。.研究发现：中国各地区差异化水平较高，不同地区经济发展的比较优势不同，节能和环保技术对东部和中部地区经济都有积极的贡献，而只有环保技术才能促进西部地区经济的发展；不同类型的环境规制对能源环境偏向型技术进步呈现差异化影响，命令控制规制促进了节能减排技术进步，基于市场的规制促进了能源节约型技术进步，而非正式规制仅仅促进污染治理型技术进步；产业结构的多维度变化决定了定向技术进步的差异化发展方向，证明了结构调整对于偏向型技术进步具有引导作用；同时环境规制政策能够通过影响金融发展、FDI等实现对能源环境偏向型技术进步的影响，为地方政府优化制度环境利用多维政策体系协同解决能源环境问题实现“双碳”目标提供参考依据。.项目执行期三年，较好地完成了计划研究任务。项目负责人发表署名资助成果6篇，与本项目相关的其他成果4篇，其中SCI/SSCI论文10篇；研究过程中，培养青年教师3人，研究生2人。.总体来看，本项目有助于理解能源环境偏向型技术进步的形成机制，拓展了环境规制、产业调整与技术进步的相关研究，对于完善能源结构调整、促进碳减排的相关政策，实现碳达峰碳中和具有重要的参考意义。