深长隧道突水岩体破裂多尺度结构演化机理及渗流-电磁耦合效应研究

Water and mud inrush accident is a common geological hazard in the construction of deep and long tunnels. The mechanism and the precursory information identification of Water and mud inrush accident is a significant engineering problem need to be solved. It carries out deep research of water inrush in tunnel rock mass structure evolution mechanism of seepage and electromagnetic coupling effect of rupture based on theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, indoor and field test in this project. Scanning electron microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance is used to test the fracture characteristics of rock mass and establish a mathematical model of 3-D reconstruction of rock mass, and study the multi-fractal distribution characteristics of fractures in microscopic point of view, and establish a method for characterization of rock mass fracture considering the micro-structure of rock mass. The association and evolution of fracture in rock mass on multi-scale is studied by means of numerical simulation, mainly discrete element method, and laboratory test include nuclear magnetic resonance displacement test and hydraulic fracturing acoustic emission test. It develops hydraulic fracturing test system carrying electromagnetic signal test system and carries out the stress-percolation-electromagnetic coupling hydraulic fracturing test, studies the characteristics of the percolation electromagnetic response and the law of electromagnetic radiation change in the process of fractures initiation, expansion and penetration of tunnel water inrush in this project. It establishes the stress-percolation-electromagnetic coupling model and carry out the stress-percolation-electromagnetic coupling physical model test, the mechanism of multi-scale structural evolution of rock mass fracture and the correlation pattern, response law and coupling effect of the rock mass fracture in the process of tunnel water inrush are revealed, the goal of the water inrush disaster in tunnel deep electromagnetic precursor information of early recognition and early warning is accomplish. The research results are of great theoretical significance and practical value for the prevention of water inrush in deep and long tunnels.

突水突泥是深长隧道中常见的地质灾害，其突水突泥机理和预测预警是亟需解决的重大工程难题。本项目以理论分析、数值模拟、室内和现场试验为手段，开展深长隧道突水岩体破裂多尺度结构演化机理及渗流-电磁耦合效应研究。采用扫描电镜与核磁共振测试岩体裂隙特征，建立三维重构数学模型，建立考虑微观结构的岩体裂隙表征方法，通过数值模拟（离散元法）和室内试验（核磁共振驱替试验和水压致裂声发射试验），研究岩体裂隙在多尺度上的关联性及演化规律。开展应力-渗流-电磁耦合的水压致裂试验，研究岩石破裂渗流-电磁响应特征及电磁辐射变化规律。建立深长隧道突水渗流-电磁耦合模型，开展应力-渗流-电磁耦合大型模型试验研究，揭示隧道突水过程中岩体破裂多尺度结构演化机理及渗流场与电磁场的关联模式响应规律及其耦合效应，实现深长隧道突水重大灾害电磁前兆信息早期识别及监测预警。研究成果对深长隧道突水突泥防治具有重要的理论意义和工程实用价值。

本项目针对深长隧道突水突泥灾害致灾机理和预测预警重大工程难题，开展了深长隧道突水岩体破裂多尺度结构演化机理及渗流-电磁耦合效应研究，建立了考虑微观结构的岩体裂隙表征方法，通过数值模拟、室内试验及模型试验，研究了岩体裂隙在多尺度上的关联性及演化规律，开展了应力-渗流-电阻率的室内试验，研究了岩石破裂渗流-电磁响应特征及电阻率变化规律，探索了隧道突水过程中岩体破裂多尺度结构演化机理及渗流场与电磁场的关联模式响应规律及其耦合效应，实现了深长隧道突水重大灾害电磁前兆信息早期识别及监测预警。研究成果对深长隧道突水突泥防治具有重要的理论意义和工程实用价值。本项目共申请专利36项，授权专利28项，发表学术论文67篇，其中SCI收录65篇，成果成功应用于10余项国家重大工程。一位项目组成员作为大会组委会成员之一举办全国性学术会议1次，参加5次国内外学术会议并做分组报告，研究成果获中国岩石力学与工程学会科学技术进步奖，领跑者5000中国精品科技期刊顶尖学术论文，中国施工企业管理协会工程建设科学技术进步奖，中国发明协会发明创业奖创新奖。本项目共培养了4名青年教师、2名博士后、9名博士、16名硕士生。