突变工况自适应的银前驱体型润滑油添加剂设计与作用机理

Under the extreme conditions, contaminants enter into lubricating system and cause temperature rapid changing between friction interface very easily. The lubrication state of machinery is transformed and the oil film bearing performance is damaged. In order to solve these problems, a series of silver precursor complexes are introduced as lubricant additives to design a back-up lubricating system, the tribological properties of the additives based on the silver precursor are carrying out. The final goal of which is structuring a lubricating system self-adapted to the sudden condition. The main contents are as follows, Firstly, researching the fundamental principles and methods for synthesis a series of silver precursor complexes, and finding the release rules of them by analysing superficial characteristic and physical and chemical properties. Then, researching the allocation ratio method for the silver complexes which are self-adapting to the sudden condition by establish the relation equations among oil film temperature, contamination particle bearing state and silver quantity demand, to realize additive design for back-up lubricating system. Finally, tribological behaviors of the steel surface are evaluated with a ball-on-disk geometry under sand contaminant lubricant conditions, to study the lubricating property and antifriction mechanism of silver complexes as lubricant additive on smooth steel surface and textured steel surface.It is expected that the research results can provide a new way for the research of back-up lubrication theory at extreme condition, and propose a solution approach to enhance reliability for lubricating system of military vehicle motor and electromechanical equipment in large mines.

面向易发生污染物进入油润滑系统引起摩擦界面温度突变的极端工况，针对温度突变导致润滑油膜承载性能急剧下降的关键科学问题，以构建在常规润滑失效或超出系统设计温度上限时，由油膜温度自动触发润滑材料释放的后备润滑系统为目标，利用前驱体型配位化合物的热分解效应，开展突变工况自适应的润滑添加剂润滑机理和设计方法研究。首先，研究合成前驱体型系列配合物的基本原则和方法，通过表征及理化特性分析，探索配合物中润滑材料微粒的释放规律和润滑机理；其次，通过建立含污染物工况中油膜温度、污染颗粒承载状态与润滑微粒需求量之间的联系，研究自适应于突变工况的含银/铜/锡配合物配比方法；最后，试验研究添加剂的润滑性能和减摩机理。研究结果有望为苛刻工况中后备润滑理论的研究提供新思路，为提高军用车辆发动机、大型矿山机电装备关键摩擦副油润滑系统的可靠性提供新的解决方法。

本项目面向易发生污染物进入油润滑系统引起摩擦界面温度突变的极端工况，针对温度突变导致润滑油膜承载性能急剧下降的关键科学问题，利用银前驱体型配位化合物的热分解效应，开展突变工况自适应的润滑添加剂润滑机理和设计方法研究。主要研究内容包括：合成银前驱体型配合物，利用该类配合物的热分解特性，解析分解产物抗磨减摩机理，选择合理添加剂；研究了银前驱体添加剂银微粒释放规律，使其适应于目标工况在不同突变温度下的银微粒需求量，建立了颗粒承载与润滑油中银微粒需求量之间的关系，实现了自适应于突变工况的后备润滑；进行了添加剂与微/纳织构表面耦合作用下的摩擦学性能研究；配制了微/纳米级高温润滑油添加剂悬浮液，开展了微/纳米级二硫化钨悬浮液摩擦学性能研究。研究结果可在理论上为自适应的润滑添加剂设计提供方法，所设计添加剂可为解决苛刻环境下油润滑系统的失效问题提供理论支持。