黄淮海典型地区中心村镇发展的动力机制与优化模式研究

China's agriculture and rural development have made great achievements since the reform and open-door policy was initiated in 1978. However, it can be seen clearly that agricultural foundation of China is still somewhat weak, rural development is still lagging behind, and the increase of farmers' income is still unstable. The Huang-Huai-Hai Plain is a representative of China's traditional agricultural zones and now shouldering the important task of ensuring the stable supply of national grains and major agricultural products. Yet, incompatible with its huge contribution to national agro-products supply, both rural and urban development in this region are still at a low level. Specifically, rural restructuring practices are in urgent need of theory and technology support. Central villages/towns (CVTs) are the joint points and growth poles of regional urban-rural territorial system, and are also the main front of the new countryside construction and the focal point of rural urbanization. Obviously, the scientific development of CVTs has close relationship to agricultural development, rural prosperity and the well-off farmers. This project plans to carry out a comparative case study aming at exploring the dynamic process, internal mechanism, overall effecients, resources-environmental effects, main barriers, optimal model and safeguard mechanism of CVTs development, in six selected villages/towns (three central villages/towns and three common villages/towns, respectively) in three typical regions of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, based on statistic data, remote-sensing images, interview informations as well as field investigation data. Further more, mechanism design of coordinating urban and rural development impelled by central towns and villages construction in traditional rural district will also be discussed. In terms of methodology, macro regional analysis and micro case studies, and factor analysis and process analysis will be exploited. The final research findings could provide case references and technical supports for CVTs development, and thus benefit the rural urbanization and new countryside construction in traditional agricultural areas. Theoretically, this study may further enrich the theoretical vision and technical methods of rural geography, and thus has considerable theoretical and practical value.

中心村镇是县域乡村空间体系结构中的重要节点和增长极，是农村城镇化和新农村建设的核心区域，在同步推进城镇化、工业化和农业现代化的进程中具有重要地位。项目针对黄淮海传统农区乡村发展普遍滞后且"空心化"突出、城镇发展动力不足、乡村重构实践缺乏理论和技术支撑的现实问题，拟在区内3个不同发展类型县域分别选取中心村镇和普通村镇各1个，综合应用统计数据、遥感影像、访谈资料以及问卷调查数据，中观区域分析与个案比较研究相结合、要素分析与过程分析相结合，深入研究中心村镇发展的过程特征、动力机制、运行效率及资源环境效应，系统揭示中心村镇发展的客观规律和现实问题，总结提炼中心村镇发展的优化模式及保障措施。据此，为新时期我国统筹城乡发展决策提供科学依据，为传统农区的新农村建设和乡村空间重构实践提供案例参考和技术支撑。

中心村镇是县域乡村空间体系结构中的重要节点和增长极，是农村城镇化和新农村建设的核心区域，在同步推进城镇化、工业化和农业现代化的进程中具有重要地位。项目针对黄淮海传统农区乡村发展普遍滞后且“空心化”突出、城镇发展动力不足、乡村重构实践缺乏理论和技术支撑的现实问题，以“宏观格局分析—技术方法探索—案例实地调查—动力机制分析—优化模式提炼”为主线，着力开展了黄淮海典型地区中心村镇发展机理与模式的系列研究，主要研究内容包括：①利用多源数据，揭示了当前阶段我国村镇建设与发展的多尺度时空格局特征；②基于综合评价和ArcGIS空间分析，研制了基于综合评价和空间分析的中心村镇识别与规划方法；③基于3个区县、5个典型村镇的蹲点调研，解析了黄淮海典型地区村域转型发展的过程特征与动力机制；④基于1个京郊典型村镇的长期跟踪研究，探讨了黄淮海典型村域转型发展的资源环境效应与调控机制；⑤基于河南郸城2个典型村镇的长期观察，剖析了黄淮海农区“空心村整治—中心村建设”的机理与效应；⑥基于前述调查研究、团队研讨、专家咨询，提出了有助于黄淮海村镇转型发展的优化模式与常态化机制。此外，基于村镇发展理论和案例研究积累，揭示了西部山地丘陵区典型村镇对宏观政策转型的响应与效应，参与开展了国务院办公厅委托的“实施精准扶贫、精准脱贫”重大政策措施落实情况的第三方评估，拓展了乡村地理学微观研究在乡村政策评估中的应用领域。在项目直接资助下，课题组发表学术论文16篇，其中SCI/SSCI论文7篇，CSCD/CSSCI 论文9篇。其中，以申请人为第一作者、本项目为第一标注的SCI/SSCI论文4篇（影响因子>2的SSCI论文2篇）、《地理学报》论文2篇。项目研究报告以专著形式即将在科学出版社出版，申报国家发明专利1项，参与撰写的关于中心村镇建设、新型城镇化、农区城镇化的多份咨询报告得到国家领导人批示。作为重要支撑成果，获国土资源科学技术奖一等奖2项、二等奖1项。上述研究对于增进关于中心村镇发展机理的理论和实践认知具有积极意义，可在一定程度上为新时期我国统筹城乡发展决策提供科学依据，为传统农区的新农村建设和乡村空间重构实践提供案例参考和技术支撑，有助于进一步拓展乡村地理学研究领域并丰富其研究理论与方法。总体来看，较好地完成了项目预期研究任务。