全光纤型激光自混合测距传感机理及关键科学问题研究

All-fiberized configuration self-mixing range finder system compared to the traditional self-mixing ranger finder using semiconductor laser tuning by injection current with higher accuracy, broader measurement range and other advantages, especially suitable for site measurement inside narrow occasions and complex environment. It is a new high-precision absolute distance measurement important and effective way. This project intends to combine the three-mirror cavity model , the fiber laser steady state conditions and the laser rate transfer equation to build the physical model of all-fiberized configuration self-mixing range finder system which expected to reveal the dynamic properties of the self-mixing interference and the theoretical guidance of the laser self-mixing technology for absolute distance measurement. At the same time, all-fiberized configuration submicron self-mixing range finder combined with the signal processing scheme have been built based on the different types of fiber laser's resonant cavity structure for maximizing the sensing performance and broaden the application fields. Finally, reasonable tuning parameters, and light source parameters optimization and feedback controlling have been used to improve the all-fiberized configuration self-mixing range finder system performance, including signal-to-noise ratio, detection sensitivity, measurement bandwidth, responsiveness etc., which could help us to achieve the real-time high-efficient measurement of the absolute distance.

全光纤型的激光自混合测距系统相对传统注入电流调谐型的半导体激光自混合测距系统具有精度更高、测量范围更广等优势，特别适合狭小场合及复杂环境下的现场测量，是实现高精度绝对距离测量的一种新的重要途径和有效手段。本项目根据激光自混合效应的三镜腔理论并结合光纤激光器激光稳态条件、激光速率、传输方程等建立全光纤型激光自混合测距传感的理论研究物理模型，揭示全光纤型激光器自混合干涉测距的激光动态变化规律，为激光自混合技术用于绝对距离测量领域奠定理论基础。搭建基于不同谐振腔体结构可调谐光纤激光器的亚微米激光自混合传感系统，并结合激光自混合信号处理方案，最大限度提高全光纤型激光自混合测距传感性能、拓宽应用场合。最后通过合理的调谐参数、光源参数等优化和反馈控制提高全光纤激光自混合测距系统的信噪比、探测灵敏度、测量带宽、响应度等，最终实现绝对距离的高效实时大范围测量。

全光纤型的激光自混合测距系统相对传统注入电流调谐型的半导体激光自混合测距系统具有精度更高、测量范围更广等优势，特别适合狭小场合及复杂环境下的现场测量，是实现高精度绝对距离测量的一种新的重要途径和有效手段。.本项目主要研究进展及创新点：.（1）本项目根据激光自混合效应的三镜腔理论并结合光纤激光器激光稳态条件、激光速率、传输方程等建立全光纤型激光自混合测距传感的理论研究物理模型，揭示全光纤型激光器自混合干涉测距的激光动态变化规律，为激光自混合技术用于绝对距离测量领域奠定理论基础；.（2）搭建采用光纤光栅应变调谐技术的可调谐全光纤线性腔光纤激光器及可调谐FFP滤波器技术的可调谐全光纤环形腔光纤激光器；.（3）基于所建立的激光自混合绝对距离传感的理论模型，进行相关仿真分析，重点仿真分析光纤激光器腔体结构、激光光束输出特性、波长调谐参数对激光自混合测距信号影响。通过对全光纤结构激光自混合绝对距离传感深入研究，明确了光纤激光器激光自混合绝对距离传感涉及的物理过程，机制和实验关键技术，为实现高灵敏度全光纤集成的激光自混合测距系统提供理论依据和实际参考;.（4）搭建并实验研究不同调谐机制、不同腔体结构的全光纤型激光自混合测距系统。对所搭建的全光纤型激光自混合测距系统进行相应优化分析，通过对测量环境、检测电路噪声、光纤特征参数、出射光束参数、光反馈强度深度优化，进一步提高激光自混合绝对距离传感系统性能。