基于光子带隙缺陷结构微环形腔的高灵敏角速度传感研究

The precise measurement of the angular velocity for inertial navigation and guidance is essential, is the main bottleneck restricting the inertial navigation system of high precision and miniaturization.This project will study the transmission characteristics of the light pulse in photonic crystal,and study the basic theory and key issues of the angular rate sensor based on photonic bandgap defect structure dispersion. The main research contents include:theoretical analysis and calculation the basic law of photonic bandgap defect structure dispersion effects, such as the line defect and annular strip defects dispersion effects;According to the results, we will design a high dispersion micro ring interferometer based on the defect structure of photonic bandgap, on which we will do theoretical analysis and simulation.we will establish a mathematical model of detection angular of the the high dispersion micro ring interferometer detection in magnetic, thermal, acoustic and other complex coupling factors environment. And we also will establish a quantitative relation between these factors and interferometer detection accuracy.This project aims to reveal basic principles of to improve micro ring interferometer detection accuracy by the defect structure of the photonic crystal dispersion,determine an effective application prospects of the program,and lay the theoretical and technical foundation for our country to develope high-precision micro-photonic gyroscopes in future.

角速度的精确测量对于惯性导航与制导至关重要，是制约惯性导航系统高精度和小型化的主要瓶颈。本项目以光脉冲在光子晶体缺陷波导中的传输特性为研究对象，对基于光子带隙缺陷结构微环形腔的角速度传感的基本理论和主要关键问题展开研究。主要研究内容包括:对光子带隙缺陷波导的结构色散进行理论计算和仿真分析，确立最优结构模型；对基于光子带隙缺陷结构环形腔的高灵敏微环形干涉仪的组成结构及信号检测方案展开研究，确立其基本结构及信号检测方案；建立磁、热、声等复杂耦合因素环境下微环形干涉仪检测角速度的数学模型，确立这些因素与干涉仪检测精度之间的定量关系。本项目旨在揭示光子带隙缺陷波导的结构色散对提高微环形干涉仪检测精度的基本原理，确立其基本方案，为我国将来开展高精度、微型光子陀螺仪的研制奠定理论和技术基础。

采用耦合环形腔慢光技术增强Sagnac效应对于实现光学陀螺仪的小型化和集成化很有意义。本项目研究了一种基于3×3耦合器的双环谐振腔的角速度传感器，对这种慢光结构进行了理论分析，并搭建了实验系统，提出了信号处理方案。对基于非对称双环谐振腔的双轴慢光陀螺仪进行了理论和实验研究。对基于有源环形腔慢光系统的角速度传感进行了可行性研究。对双环谐振腔进行了优化设计，提出了可调谐双环谐振腔慢光角速度传感器。当光信号在一个环中为增益，另一个环中为衰减，并调节增益系数和衰减系数至特定值时，Sagnac相位差将被放大至最大，理论上系统的检测灵敏度能够提高3个数量级。本项目还提出了基于双输入双输出双环谐振腔慢光角速度传感器，并对其进行了理论分析，这种结构更加有利于系统集成。本项目的研究结果为下一步深入开展基于耦合微环形腔慢光系统的角速度传感器原理样机的研究奠定了坚实的基础。