西北半干旱区作物套作系统对气候变暖与降水量变化的响应

Over the past 10 years, the crop inter-planting in semiarid areas of Northwest China has been developing quickly, which will become an important means to deal with the global climate warming, realizing the sustainable yield increase. According to the basic features of climate warming and precitation changes in semiarid areas of Northwest China, we select the inter-planting system of maize and potato as well as employ infrared radiant heater and artificial rainfall simulation experiment so as to have the study on the influence of climate change in the future on the system of inter-planting system. From the perspectives of layered structure, resource utilization, edge effect and other basic theories, the study is going to show how the climate change influences physiological ecology, growth, yield, solar-thermal resource utilization by inter-planting system as well as its mechanism, dealing with the influence of early or delayed preliminary seeding time and harvest time on the late crop growth season, analyzing the influence of row space change of early inter-planting crop seeding on the row space change of late inter-planting crop seeding. The study will explore the inter-planting system that suits the climate change so as to offer theory basis to deal with climate change in semiarid areas of Northwest China, improve yield and increase the efficiency of use of agroclimatic resources as well as adjust plantation structure.

近10年来，西北半干旱区作物套作种植发展迅速，成为农业应对气候变化，实现作物持续增产的重要技术途径。针对西北半干旱区气候变暖与降雨量变化的基本特征，本项目选择玉米/马铃薯套作系统，采用红外线辐射器田间增温和人工降雨模拟实验, 从作物套作成层结构、资源利用以及边行优势等基础理论方面开展系统研究，揭示气候变化对套作作物生理生态、生长发育、产量以及套作系统光热资源利用等方面的影响机理，解决前期套种作物播种期和收获期提前或推迟对后期作物生长季长度的影响，分析前期套种作物播种行距变化对后期作物播种行距变化的影响，探索适应气候变化的作物套种形式，为西北半干旱区应对气候变化，提升作物生产水平和农业气候资源高效利用，调整作物种植结构提供理论参考依据。