蓖麻毒素和相思子毒素的光谱检测方法研究

Ricin and abrin are considered as important biological warfare agents and highly hazardous bioterrorism agents. The detection of these biotoxins is very important to military security and public safety. . We proposed developing novel methods based on colorimetry and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to anlyze and detect these biotoxins with simple procedure, short time, high sensitivity and on-site test by portable ultraviolet-visible spectrometer and Raman spectrometer. . Firstly, some novel nanostructures will be prepared by eco-friendly methods for investigating their growth mechanism, surface chemistry and their properties in spectroscopy. Secondly, several new biosensors based on spectroscopy will be fabricated by Au/Ag nanomaterials, the biotoxin molecule and its aptamer. The visual detection of these two biotoxins will be achieved by colorimetry. The multi-channel and high sensitive detection of these two biotoxins will be completed by SERS. Finally, it will be explored the possiblity in analyzing various biotoxins in water or drinks without purification. These novel methods may give some technological support for food safety.

蓖麻毒素和相思子毒素被认为是重要的致死性生物毒素战剂和最有可能被用作恐怖袭击的生化战剂，因此，这两种毒素的检测具有十分重要的军事和民防价值。. 我们提出发展新的比色方法和表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）方法，可通过便携的紫外-可见及拉曼光谱仪，实现这两种生物毒素的简单、快速、高灵敏和现场检测。. 拟发展环境友好的纳米材料的合成方法，研究纳米材料的生长机理、表面化学及局域表面等离子共振（LSPR）、拉曼增强等谱学性质，利用金/银纳米材料、毒素分子及其核酸适配体构建新型谱学传感器。通过比色法实现这两种生物毒素的可视化检测。通过SERS方法实现生物毒素的多通道高灵敏检测。利用拉曼光谱专一的识别性，探索不经分离、直接从水中饮品中检测分析多种生物毒素。期望能为水中饮品中生物毒素的检验提供新方法。

蓖麻毒素和相思子毒素是被认为是重要的生物性致死战剂和最有可能被用作恐怖袭击的生化战剂，因此，对这两种毒素的检测至关重要。常见的检测方法大都需要抗体或者多个仪器相互验证，检测过程比较复杂。. 申请者提出发展新的比色和表面增强拉曼散射方法，通过常见的紫外-可见及拉曼光谱，实现这两种毒素的简单、快速、高灵敏和现场检测。. 我们制备了几种金银纳米材料，研究了金银纳米粒子的局域表面等离子共振效应对SERS光谱和紫外可见光谱的影响，制备了两种高活性SERS基底，构建了两种新型的生物纳米传感体系，完成了对蓖麻毒素和相思子毒素的快速高灵敏检测，并实现了对实际样品牛奶及其他饮品中这两种毒素的快速高灵敏检测。. 项目执行期间，发表SCI 收录的致谢论文23篇，其中影响因子≥3的22篇；发表致谢会议论文13篇；获授权发明专利1项。