多孔陶瓷支撑的石墨烯膜制备及其分离机理研究

Recently, graphene materials show great potential in membrane separation field due to its unique physical and chemical property. Focused on the understanding of the formation mechanism of the membrane, the interfacial interaction between the membrane and the support and the separation mechanism, this proposal is to make fundamental investigations on the preparation and characterization of graphene membrane coated on porous ceramics. Porous ceramics (such as plate, tube and hollow fiber) are employed as the support to develop new membrane preparation methods. Modern characterization techniques, such as scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy and nanoindentation, are used to research the formation mechanism of the graphene membranes and to realize the interfacial interaction between the membrane and the porous ceramic. In order to clarify the separation mechanism, the transfer behavior of the molecules are studied based on the chemical transfer theory by positron annihilation analysis, molecular simulation, and so on. The implementation of this project will provide basic theory and technical support for the graphene materials used in the membrane separation field.

近年来，石墨烯因其独特的物理化学性质，在膜分离领域已展现出诱人的前景。但目前有关石墨烯膜微结构的形成机理，膜与支撑体的界面结合机制以及膜的传递机理等关键问题亟待深入研究，为此，本项目以石墨烯为膜材料，开展在多孔陶瓷支撑体上制备石墨烯膜及其分离机理的研究。项目拟采用多种构型多孔陶瓷支撑体（平板、管式、中空纤维等），开发制备石墨烯膜的新方法；运用扫描电镜、透射电镜、纳米划痕等现代材料表征技术，对石墨烯膜的成膜过程进行研究，探讨石墨烯膜微结的形成机理与调控方法、膜层与多孔支撑体之间的界面相互作用机制；基于化学工程的传递理论，借助正电子湮灭、分子模拟等手段研究待分离物质在膜表面的吸附扩散行为及在膜体相的传输行为，揭示石墨烯膜的分离机理。项目实施将为石墨烯在膜分离领域的发展提供理论与技术参考。

石墨烯材料及其衍生物材料具有独特的二维结构和优异的物化性质，在膜分离应用领域展现出巨大潜力，开展基于石墨烯材料的膜制备及其应用研究具有重要的理论和应用意义。石墨烯分离膜在实际应用中需要多孔支撑体提供足够的机械强度。多孔陶瓷支撑体具有机械强度高、耐高温高压、化学稳定性好、使用寿命长等优势。将多孔陶瓷与石墨烯材料相结合，构建多孔陶瓷支撑的石墨烯膜，有望其兼具石墨烯和多孔陶瓷两者的优势，形成新型的高性能分离膜。.本项目以石墨烯为膜材料，开展在多孔陶瓷支撑体上制备石墨烯膜及其分离机理的研究。本项目紧密围绕石墨烯分离膜的微结构形成机理及调控，石墨烯分离膜分离层与支撑体之间的界面结合，以及石墨烯分离膜的分离机理三个关键科学问题，开展了深入研究。通过该项目的实施，我们结合石墨烯材料本身的物化性质，开发了新型多孔陶瓷支撑的石墨烯分离膜的制备和构筑策略，探索了石墨烯分离膜微结构和层间通道的精密调控方法，揭示了石墨烯分离膜的成膜机理及膜内传质和分离机理，实现了多孔陶瓷支撑的石墨烯分离膜在气体分离、渗透汽化、水处理多种应用领域对分子/离子的高效分离。在Nature、Chemical Society Reviews、Angewandte Chemie International Edition、Advanced Functional Materials、ACS Nano、AIChE Journal、Journal of Membrane Science等国际顶级期刊和化工、材料主流期刊上发表SCI收录论文25篇，参加国内外重要学术会议19次。