电磁式准零刚度隔振器非线性机理及其主动控制方法

Traditional quasi-zero-stiffness isolators can only be used to solve vibration problems with invariable conditions because that they are mostly passive mechanics whose negative stiffness can’t be adjusted. In this project, a new electromagnetic quasi-zero-stiffness vibration isolator with magnetic teeth is proposed. The realization mechanism and dynamic characteristics of the isolator will be studied. It mainly studies the following contents. (1) Realization mechanism and optimum design of the mechanism with electromagnetic negative stiffness; (2) Weak nonlinear characteristic analysis of the built mathematical model and influence rule of every mechanical parameter on nonlinear characteristics; (3) Dynamic characteristics of the proposed mechanism in unsatisfactory conditions, such as mistuning, strong nonlinearity and piecewise nonlinearity; (4) Dynamic compensation strategy study and semi-active experimental verification of the electromagnetic isolator. The scientific value of this project is giving a novel quasi-zero-stiffness vibration isolator with magnetic teeth by combining electromagnetics, quasi-zero-stiffness mechanism and active control technology. Realization mechanism and dynamic characteristics of the proposed isolator will be studied and feasibility of electromagnetic vibration isolator with negative stiffness will be verified by theoretical analysis, simulation calculation and experimental tests. The work basis will be provided for the future design and practical application of electromagnetic quasi-zero-stiffness vibration isolator with magnetic teeth.

传统的准零刚度隔振器多为被动式机构，其负刚度大小不可调整，从而制约了准零刚度技术的实际应用。本项目提出了一种新的磁齿式电磁准零刚度机构，研究其电磁负刚度技术实现机理以及非线性动力学特性，重点研究：（1）磁齿式电磁式准零刚度隔振器实现机理以及电磁负刚度机构的优化设计；（2）基于隔振器非线性数学模型的弱非线性特性分析以及各参数变量对于非线性特性的影响研究；（3）失调、强非线性以及分段非线性状况下系统的动力学特性；（4）隔振器动态补偿策略、算法研究以及半主动控制试验验证。本项目的科学意义在于结合电磁技术、准零刚度技术以及主动控制技术，提出一种新型磁齿式电磁负刚度结构并完成了其实现机理以及动力学特性分析研究，从理论求解、软件仿真以及试验验证三个方面阐明磁齿式电磁准零刚度技术的可行性，为磁齿式电磁准零刚度隔振器的设计研发及隔振应用提供依据。

准零刚度隔振技术因其可在保证高静态刚度的前提下实现低动态刚度而得到了越来越多地关注，在准零刚度技术中，负刚度扮演了十分重要的角色。提出了一种可调负刚度的磁齿式电磁负刚度机构，深入分析了该种机构的实现原理，完成了磁齿式电磁隔振器的设计，分析了磁齿式电磁隔振系统的动力学特性，设计了与磁齿式电磁隔振器相匹配的负刚度控制器，并通过动力学试验的方式验证了磁齿式电磁隔振器的优异隔振性能。研究成果提出的新型负刚度机构的实现对准零刚度隔振技术的发展具有重要意义。