Clinical researches suggest that type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can lead to incidence of pancreatic cancer, however, its detail mechanism is still unknown; insulin/IGF-1 axis may play a role in it. Results from our preliminary studies showed that insulin could promote carcinogenesis in human pancreatic ductal epithelial cells with KRAS mutation, but not in cells with wild-type KRAS, and a positive feedback from COX-2 is critical for the activation of Ras. Based on these important findings, we proposed our hypothesis: The insulin/IGF-1 axis is involved in pancreatic carcinogenesis on the basis of T2DM via its ability to initiate COX-2-dependent Ras activation. We will conduct clinical observational studies on the basis of a case-control cohort. With using in vitro siRNA and transfection techniques, series of transgenic mice in animal experiments, and selective COX-2 inhibitor, we will investigate effects insulin/IGF-1 axis and/or KRAS mutation on Ras activation and cancer formation, and the positive feedback mechanism of COX-2 on Ras activation. The aims of our project are to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlining pancreatic carcinogenesis on the basis of T2DM and to provide novel prevention strategy and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
临床研究显示,II型糖尿病能够促进胰腺癌发生,但具体机制尚不明确,胰岛素/IGF-1轴可能参与其中。我们的预实验提示:胰岛素能够促进KRAS突变而非KRAS野生型的胰腺导管上皮细胞发生恶性转化,同时COX-2正反馈激活Ras机制在其中发挥重要作用。因此,我们提出假说:胰岛素/IGF-1轴通过促进依赖于COX-2的Ras蛋白激活参与II型糖尿病促胰腺癌发生。为验证这一假说,我们将在一项病例-对照研究的基础上开展临床观察研究。通过在体外运用siRNA、质粒转染等技术,同时构建多个转基因小鼠,并结合选择性COX-2抑制剂的使用,研究控制胰岛素/IGF-1轴和KRAS突变两个因素对于胰腺内Ras激活水平和癌症发生的影响,并探讨COX-2对于Ras活化的正反馈调节机制。本项目旨在明确II型糖尿病促进胰腺癌发生的分子机制,并为临床防治胰腺癌提供新的策略的治疗靶点。
2型糖尿病与胰腺癌发生发展关系密切,是胰腺癌发生发展明确的高危因素,但其分子机制、因果起源等关键问题并未阐明。我们通过分析本中心的临床数据,提示胰腺癌患者糖尿病的患病率显著高于普通成人,同时合并糖尿病的胰腺癌前病变患者的PanINs倾向于级别更高。在此基础上,我们从体外模型和动物实验两个层次深入研究了2型糖尿病对胰腺前病变及胰腺癌的促发生和促进展作用,并从多个角度系统性探讨了其可能的细胞分子机制。首次系统性地发现了胰岛素对于胰腺细胞系在增殖、侵袭及迁移等功能方面的促进作用。在本项目中,一方面我们首次证明胰岛素通过促进FHOD1基因表达进而促进胰腺癌细胞侵袭、迁移的作用。单纯的高胰岛素血症具有促进鼠源性胰腺癌细胞系增殖的作用。另一方面,我们阐明了胰岛素通过促进分泌型MMP-2蛋白表达,进而促胰腺导管上皮细胞侵袭、迁移能力的调控作用具有KRAS基因突变依赖性;2型糖尿病具有促进小鼠胰腺癌前病变级别更高的作用;COX-2抑制剂对小鼠胰腺癌前病变无治疗作用,而二甲双胍有效。此外,本项目首次发现2型糖尿病具有促进以中性粒细胞为代表的免疫细胞于小鼠胰腺癌前病变组织内浸润,并且发现浸润的中性粒细胞具有免疫抑制,炎性因子表达增加的表型,提示中性粒细胞可能参与促进了慢性炎症型局部微环境的形成。而2型糖尿病通过何种途径促进以中性粒细胞为代表的免疫细胞病变区域内聚集,免疫细胞是如何与胰腺导管上皮互相作用,促进胰腺癌发生发展,是我们下一步研究的重点内容。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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