强风雨环境下高速列车运行失稳机理及安全可靠性研究

The influence of strong wind-rain on the running safety of the high-speed train has become the key issue to be solved for the design and safe operation of the high-speed train. In this project, the strong wind-rain and the high-speed train are considered as the whole dynamic system to conduct the research work. The characteristics of natural winds and rainfall, and the coupling relationship between wind and rain are studied. Then, the numerical calculation model of three-dimensional wind-rain is established in order to regenerate the strong wind-rain environment. The aerodynamic model of the high-speed train exposed to strong wind-rain is established to investigate the transient random aerodynamic loads of the high-speed train. The aerodynamic admittance function of the high-speed train is constructed to realize the real time inversion calculation of the aerodynamic loads. The influence of water lubrication on the wheel-rail contact characteristics is studied，and the system dynamic model of the high-speed train is established to investigate the dynamic response of the high-speed train exposed to strong wind-rain environment. Moreover, the dynamic derailment limit state and the running instability mechanism of the high-speed train exposed to strong wind-rain are discussed. On this basis, the reliability theory is introduced to establish the running safety reliability assessment model of the high-speed train exposed to strong wind-rain environment. An expression method of the relationship of “train speed-wind speed-rainfall intensity” will be proposed to evaluate the running safety of the high-speed train for different probability of failure, which can provide theoretical basis for reasonably determining the safe running speed of the high-speed train exposed to strong wind-rain environment. The main results will provide guidance and technical support for the design and running safety assessment of the high-speed train exposed to strong wind-rain environment.

强风雨对高速列车运行安全的影响，已成为高速列车设计研发及安全运行亟待解决的关键问题。本项目拟将强风雨-高速列车作为整体动力学系统，研究自然风和降雨的随机特性及风雨耦合作用关系，建立三维强风雨数值计算模型，实现强风雨环境再造；建立强风雨-高速列车空气动力学模型，计算高速列车瞬态随机气动载荷，并构建空气动力学导纳函数，实现瞬态随机气动载荷实时反演计算；研究水介质对轮轨接触特性的影响，建立高速列车系统动力学模型，研究强风雨环境下高速列车动态响应特性，探讨强风雨作用下高速列车动态脱轨极限状态及运行失稳机理；在此基础上，引入可靠性理论，建立强风雨环境下高速列车运行安全可靠性评估模型，提出用于评价不同失效概率下高速列车安全运行的“车速-风速-降雨强度”关系表述方法，为合理确定强风雨环境下高速列车安全运行速度提供理论依据。研究成果将为高速列车设计研发及强风雨环境下高速列车运行安全评估提供指导及技术支撑。

强风雨对高速列车运行安全的影响，已成为高速列车设计研发及安全运行亟待解决的关键问题。本项目开展强风雨环境下高速列车运行安全可靠性评估研究。首先，调研了强风雨环境特性，利用Euler-Lagrange方法进行强风雨环境数值模拟，研究了球形雨滴假设的适用性，构建了基于非球形雨滴的强风雨环境再造方法；其次，建立了强风雨环境下高速列车空气动力学模型，研究了强风雨环境下高速列车的流场特性及气动载荷特性，获得了高速列车气动载荷系数与车速、风速、降雨强度的关系；然后，建立了高速列车车辆系统动力学模型，研究了强风雨环境下高速列车的运行安全特性，获得了降雨对高速列车运行安全的影响规律；最后，考虑强风雨环境的随机性，建立了高速列车非定常气动载荷的计算方法，研究了高速列车运行安全指标的概率分布特性，提出了强风雨环境下高速列车运行安全的可靠性评估方法。截至目前，本项目成果已发表标注基金资助的SCI/EI检索期刊论文13篇；累计2人次参加国内外学术会议；培养已毕业硕士研究生1名，在读硕士研究生4名。本项目提出的强风雨环境下高速列车运行安全可靠性评估方法，可为高速列车设计研发及强风雨环境下高速列车运行安全评估提供理论指导及技术支撑。