气相和气粒两相爆轰波的燃烧模型研究

Detonation waves are supersonics combustion waves. Gaseous and gas-particle two phase detonation waves are two kinds of them, whose research are useful in the hypersonic propulsion and explosion hazard prevetion. Due to the coupling of the shock and combustion, the detonation wave structure and initiation/ propagation mechanisms are very complicated, which brings the difficulties in the research. In past decades, research on the shock physics has achieved much progress, but the research on the shock-induced combustion in the detonation is still immuture， which becomes the key problem in the detonation research. To simulate the gaseous and two phase dust detonation accurately and study them deeply, the combustion model with high accuracy must be developed. On the gaseous detonation model, the goal is to build the quantitative three-step chain-braching reaction model. This model will base on the detailed reaction models and the experimental results, and it combines the advantages of the detailed reaction models and the multi-step reaction models.On the gas-particle two phase detonation model, the goal is to build the combustion model of aluminum paricle, whose scale varies between nanometers and micrometers. The experiments using the shock tube will be carried out to measure the combustion time of the aluminum particle the diameter 50 nanometers to 2.0 micrometers. Combing the numerical research on the different phase effects of the products, improved aluminum dust combustion model will be developed.

爆轰波是超声速传播的燃烧波，气相和气粒两相爆轰波的基础研究在高超声速推进、爆炸灾害预防等方面具有重要的应用价值。由于爆轰波中激波和燃烧的耦合作用，其波面结构及起爆、传播机理非常复杂，给研究带来了较大的困难。过去几十年激波物理的研究取得了很大的进展，但是对于激波诱导的波后燃烧过程的研究还不成熟，成为制约爆轰波研究的瓶颈。为了能够对气相和气粒两相爆轰波进行精确的模拟和深入的研究，需要发展高精度的燃烧模型。对气相爆轰模型的研究，目的是建立量化的三步链锁反应模型。这种模型将建立在基元反应模拟结果和多维爆轰实验结果的基础上，是一种结合了基元反应模型和分步反应模型优点的高精度模型。对气粒两相爆轰模型的研究，目的是建立纳米到微米量级铝粉尘爆轰的燃烧模型。项目拟利用化学激波管开展直径50纳米到2微米的铝粉尘燃烧时间测量，并通过数值模拟研究气、固两相产物的影响，从而建立更完善的铝粉尘燃烧模型。

利用单步反应模型研究了碳氢燃料的爆轰特性，对波面不稳定性等物理问题开展了探索，为进一步建模奠定了基础，相关结果发表在J. Fluid Mech.和Combust. Flame上。进一步采用基元反应模型对相关问题进行了研究和对比，在原有物理问题的基础上，进一步分析了高空来流条件的若干影响因素，获得了真实流动下的爆轰波特性，相关结果发表在Phys. Fluids和Proc. Combust. Inst.上；开展了来流混合不均匀以及锥激波后的爆轰波特性，相关结果发表在Phys. Fluids和Aerospace Science and Technology上。在上述对爆轰物理认识的基础上，建立了链锁反应模型，并以此开展了相关研究，实现了计算资源的高效利用；利用理论分析结合国外实验结果，建立了气粒两相燃烧的化学反应模型，以此为基础研究了铝粉爆轰的胞格结构等特性，相关结果已经投稿到国际权威期刊上。