气液两相旋转爆轰波传播稳定性机制研究

The stable propagation of the rotating detonation wave is a key issue to the application research of the rotating detonation engine. The stable propagation of the gas-liquid two-phase rotating detonation wave is influenced by the unsteady flow of the two-phase mixture, which involves the cross fundamental problems of explosion mechanics and fluid mechanics. The mechanism of the propagation stability of the gas-liquid two-phase rotating detonation wave is not yet fully understood. In this project, we will investigate the mechanism of the propagation stability of the gas-liquid two-phase rotating detonation wave. We will experimentally study the size, spatial distribution and velocity of the droplets in the two-phase mixture and explore the unsteady flow pattern of the mixture. Then we will establish the numerical model and conduct research on the two-phase flow field structure and the complex wave system. Subsequently, the dynamic pressure measurement and high-speed photography are used to analyze the stable and unstable two-phase rotating detonation wave propagation modes and the generation mechanism of these modes. Based on the above results, the stable propagation conditions of the two-phase rotating detonation wave are analyzed, and the influence mechanism of the unsteady flow, the mixture sensitivity and the structural parameters of the combustion chamber on the propagation stability of the rotating detonation wave are revealed. The project aims to enrich the detonation theory, provide the theoretical guidance for the research of the rotating detonation engine, and promote the application process of the liquid-fuel rotating detonation engine.

旋转爆轰波的稳定传播是旋转爆轰发动机工程应用研究的重要难题，气液两相旋转爆轰波的稳定传播受到两相混气非定常流动影响，其中涉及到爆炸力学及流体力学等交叉学科的基础问题，气液两相旋转爆轰波的传播稳定性机制尚未完全明确。本项目针对气液两相旋转爆轰波传播稳定性机制开展研究，通过实验研究两相混气中液滴的尺寸、空间分布及运动速度，探索两相混气非定常流动规律；建立两相爆轰模型，数值模拟研究气液两相旋转爆轰流场特征与复杂波系结构；通过动态压力测量、高速摄影等手段分析气液两相旋转爆轰波稳定与不稳定传播模态及其产生机制；在此基础上总结旋转爆轰波稳定传播的条件，阐明两相混气非定常流动、混气活性以及燃烧室结构参数对旋转爆轰波传播稳定性的影响机制。研究结果不但将丰富爆轰理论及内涵，为旋转爆轰发动机的深入研究提供理论依据，而且可以推动液体燃料旋转爆轰发动机工程化应用进程，具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。

旋转爆轰发动机（Rotating Detonation Engine, 简称RDE）是一种利用持续旋转的爆轰波实现燃烧的新概念发动机，其工作原理区别于常规等压燃烧发动机。旋转爆轰发动机通过直接起爆的方式引爆可燃混气，在环形燃烧室内形成一个或多个爆轰波面，从而产生高温高压产物形成推力。目前，旋转爆轰发动机是动力领域的研究热点。.本项目针对气液两相旋转爆轰波传播稳定性机制展开研究。建立了两相爆轰模型，数值模拟研究了气液两相旋转爆轰流场特征，描述了刻画了爆轰波、斜激波、滑移线和接触面等复杂波系结构，分析了燃料液滴与爆轰波面相互作用，阐述了两相混气非定流动与旋转爆轰波耦合作用机制。开展了气液两相旋转爆轰波自持传播试验，观察到了稳定单波模态、稳定双波对撞模态、单波与双波对撞混合模态、不稳定双波对撞模态、熄爆-再起爆模态等气液两相旋转爆轰波稳定与不稳定传播模态；基于发动机气动参数、高频爆轰压力信号等试验数据，并辅以数值仿真手段，对比了稳定与不稳定模态产生的条件及成因，分析了声学共振及液滴雾化掺混过程对气液两相旋转爆轰波传播模态的影响。研究了总温、喷注结构及燃烧室宽度对气液两相旋转爆轰波传播稳定性影响，总结了新鲜混气层中存在的已燃气体以及爆轰波后未燃气团对爆轰波传播稳定性的影响规律，阐述了两相混气非定常流动、混气活性以及燃烧室结构参数对旋转爆轰波传播稳定性的影响机制。.研究结果不仅丰富了爆轰理论及内涵，为旋转爆轰发动机的深入研究提供理论依据，而且可以推动液体燃料旋转爆轰发动机工程化应用进程，具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。