复杂极化散射环境热动力灾害跨谱热辐射场协变机制研究

According to the requirements of major science and technology in the national energy security strategy that “improving the ability of early detection and prevention”, in order to enhance the comprehensive ability of emergency rescue, this project mainly focus on the key problems of early and effective detection for thermodynamic disaster caused by mine fire and gas explosion. Based on the radiation of heat source and soot caused by disasters, the optical warning method was presented. By using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental measurement, coupled dynamical models of occurring and transfer process of multiple disasters within the limited space of coal mine were established. The scattering characteristics of mine dust particle clusters with non uniform, non regular shape and composite polarization and background radiation of mine environment were investigated. And also, the spectral radiation properties within cross waveband and covariance with thermodynamical process in the dispersion medium with anisotropic discontinuity were studied. The researches could provide theoretical foundation and scientific basis for the perfection of prevention and control theory of mines’ thermodynamic major disasters in our country, and improve the early warning and disaster prevention and mitigation capacity when the mine network state mutates, aiming to realize the breakthrough in the prevention and control technology of thermodynamic major disasters of coal mine.

根据国家能源安全战略中“提高早期发现与防范能力”的重大科技需求，增强应急救护综合能力，本项目重点解决矿井受限空间内火灾、爆炸等多危险源产生的热动力灾害早期有效探测的关键问题。基于灾变热源、烟气的热辐射特征提出光学预警方法，采用理论分析、数值模拟、实验测量相结合的方法，构建受限空间内多灾害源致灾及传播过程的多物理场耦合动力学模型，研究非均分布层状多相混杂极化微纳尺度颗粒簇的异性散射机制和矿井环境背景辐射特性，揭示井巷间断参与性介质内灾变跨光谱热辐射特征及其随热动力多参量场的协同时空演化规律，建立热动力灾害关键光学信息识别评价、监测预警理论与方法。为完善我国矿井热动力重大灾害的防控理论与方法体系、提高矿井状态突变的预警及防灾减灾能力提供理论基础和科学依据，以期实现我国在矿井热动力重大灾害防控技术的突破性进展。

根据国家能源安全战略中“提高早期发现与防范能力”的重大科技需求，增强矿井应急救护综合能力，本项目重点解决矿井受限空间内火灾、爆炸等多危险源产生的热动力灾害的早期有效探测的关键问题。采用理论分析、数值模拟、实验测量、模型及现场测试相结合的方法。开展了贫氧煤自燃分段热特性原位分析，热解煤粒子原位红外特征与基团演变同步分析，极化矿尘粒子与灾变气体的紫外可见-红外-太赫兹光谱分析。进行了热动力致灾过程原位多物理场异常响应，井巷火灾、爆炸灾变热特性及传播规律的相似模拟测试及现场验证。建模研究了大面积热动力灾变机制的全尺寸原位重构，弥散粒子系时空运移规律及井巷环境跨光谱散射特性，通风网络内热动力灾害跨光谱热辐射传输特性。研发了基于瓦斯红外特征的爆炸征兆预警，工作面毒烟气的紫外可见-红外双波段协同监测，基于太赫兹响应的煤自燃监测等热动力灾害多尺度光谱探测方法。通过本项目系统性研究，构建了受限空间内多灾害源致灾及传播过程的多物理场耦合动力学模型，获得了热作用下非均分布矿尘颗粒簇的多尺度光谱散射及井巷复杂环境背景辐射特性，揭示了井巷参与性介质内灾变跨光谱热辐射特征及其随热动力灾害多参量场的协同时空演化规律，建立了从矿物质微观热化学演变诱导全尺寸热动力灾害发生到通风网络内灾变特征时空演化的全链路热质传递与光学特征映射模型，提出了热动力灾害关键光学信息的多尺度光谱辨识、监测、预警理论与方法，初步形成了快速预报、远程监控预警的光学探测理论与光学窗口设计方法。研究成果可为矿井热动力灾害光学预警和技术体系提供理论依据，解决了煤矿井下重大灾害防控领域中的关键科学问题，为实现煤矿热动力重大灾害的“同步发现、瞬间预警”，提高我国煤矿安全预防准备、监测预警、态势研判、救援处置、综合保障等关键技术水平提供了有力的科技支撑。