基于微差温度与氧量控制的镁颗粒表界面介尺度多相扩散反应模型

Magnesium powder is a combustible and is widely used in a variety of pyrotechnical productions. Magnesium is a volatile metal with low melting point and low-boiling point, by contrast, magnesium oxide has the features of high melting point and high boiling point, the three phases of vapor, liquid and solid will co-exist in the mesoscale surface and interface of magnesium particle. Therefore, it is easy to form diffusion reaction on a particle-centric. Based on micro difference controlled of progressive temperature and oxygen concentration,it is controled precisely by the homemade differential module heating experimental platform, and then the complicated mesoscale stucture of magnesium particle is analyzed in detail during periods ofoxidation reaction. These conditions allow the numerical simulation to be confirmed gradually by the test results. Some aspects involving heterogeneous reactions of magnesium particle are studied, such as the surface oxidation and volatile, transfer mechanism of critical state of spontaneous reaction temperature, growth mechanism of magnesium oxide particle and formation law of its granular bed, reaction environment simulator and multiphase diffusion reaction model for interface of magnesium particle in mesoscale based on micro difference controlled of temperature and oxygen concentration，the correlation between mesoscale reaction mechanism of magnesium particle and magnesium based pyrotechnic mixtures, physical model of overall process and its numerical simulation, and so on. The mesoscale heterogeneous reaction mechanism of magnesium particle is analyzed both theoretically and experimentally. Focus on instantaneous transformation process from spontaneous reaction to ignition, the model of microscale diffusion reaction is reconstructed involving magnesium vapour flowing，diffusion reactions and multi-scale associations. At last, the quantified mesoscopic reaction rule is achieved between the microstructure of magnesium particle and the magnesium based pyrotechnic mixtures.

镁粉作为可燃剂被广泛地应用在各种烟火药制品中，是具有低熔点和沸点的挥发性金属，而氧化镁具有高熔点和沸点，使镁颗粒与氧化剂颗粒表界面间的介尺度空间上气、液、固三相同时存在，易于形成以镁颗粒为核心的介尺度多相扩散反应。基于自制的微分模块加热实验平台，通过微差递进控制镁颗粒表界面氧化反应的温度与氧量参数，实验研究镁颗粒表界面氧化反应发展过程，使试验结果←→数值模拟逐步印证。通过研究镁颗粒自发反应临界状态转变机理、反应前镁颗粒表面氧化与挥发性、氧化物颗粒增长与颗粒层形成规律、镁颗粒反应环境模拟及其镁颗粒表界面介尺度多相扩散火焰、镁基烟火药反应的环境模拟、反应全过程物理模型与数值模拟等研究内容，从实验和理论上阐明镁颗粒表界面介尺度多相反应规律。研究聚焦点放在自发反应开始到点火的瞬间转变过程，建立镁颗粒表界面镁蒸汽流动-传递-反应跨尺度关联的模型，在介尺度上量化镁颗粒微细结构与镁基烟火药反应规律。

镁粉作为可燃剂被广泛地应用在各种烟火药制品中，镁颗粒与氧化剂颗粒表界面间的介尺度空间上气、液、固三相同时存在，易于形成以镁颗粒为核心的介尺度多相扩散反应。基于自制的微分模块加热实验平台，研究了镁与氧气反应临界状态转变机理与介尺度扩散反应研究（镁与氧气的介尺度燃烧反应特性、含氧融氧层的形成与发展、气相燃烧及火焰尺寸）；镁与固体氧化剂反应临界状态转变机理与介尺度扩散反应研究（固体氧化剂的热分解特性、样品的动力学性质、加热过程中释放的气体、单颗粒的点火与燃烧、含氟融氧层的形成与发展）；镁颗粒在热气流中的加热模型；镁颗粒的点火模型；镁基烟火药表界面多相反应。提出了镁颗粒微尺度燃烧反应的多相扩散反应关键问题——氧(氟)融层概念。.在此镁颗粒燃烧机理及其测试平台基础上，设计了镁锌合金材料；开发了B4C基烟火药剂；研究了镁铝燃烧反应机理；探讨了铝化炸药的非理想反应动力学问题及其改善方案。