Regulatory T cells (Treg) are one of the key cell populations that can mediate immune tolerance. Interacting with dendritic cells (DCs), Treg can form immune synapses (IS) which has an critcal effect on its function. Studies have found that neuropilin 1 (Nrp 1) enhances the formation of Treg-DCs IS and induces Treg to perform immunosuppressive function, but the underlying mechanism is unclear and lacks in vivo studies in the context of transplantation. Our preliminary studies found that Nrp1+T cells and Nrp1+DCs both have immunosuppressive function and positive correlation with graft survival, Nrp1 enhanced DCs and Treg interaction to positively feedback the immune tolerance may be the possible mechanism. In this study, clinical renal transplant specimens, murine kidney transplantation model, and the establishment of Treg-DCs IS cell model will be used to investigate the effects of Nrp1-mediated Treg-DCs IS on the immune tolerance of renal transplantation from the whole, the cell and the molecular level. We tend to observe the ultrastructural changes of IS cytoskeleton and explore the possible signaling pathways along the IS formation. The current project should be useful for future clinical anti-rejection treatment.
调节性T细胞(Treg)是介导免疫耐受的关键细胞群,与树突状细胞(DCs)形成免疫突触(IS)对其功能具有重要影响。国外研究发现神经纤毛蛋白1(Nrp 1)可以强化Treg-DCs IS的形成,并诱导Treg发挥免疫抑制功能,但相关机制还不清楚, 且缺乏移植背景下的体内研究。我们前期研究分别发现Nrp1+的T细胞及Nrp1+DCs均具有免疫抑制功能,与移植物的存活呈正相关性,根据文献分析推测Nrp1强化DCs与Treg互作并正反馈地推动机体免疫耐受可能是机制之一。本课题拟采用临床肾移植标本,小鼠免疫排斥、抑制及耐受肾移植模型,并建立Treg-DCs IS细胞模型。从整体、细胞、分子水平上观察研究移植背景下Nrp1介导的Treg-DCs IS形成对肾移植免疫耐受的影响,观察该过程中IS细胞骨架、IS细胞超微结构的变化,并探究可能的信号通路,为临床治疗排斥反应提供的理论依据。
既往研究提示CD4+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(Tregs)可通过免疫抑制作用调控肾脏缺血再灌注损伤。Treg细胞表面受体神经纤毛蛋白1(Nrp1)可通过结合其特异性配体信号素4A(Sema4A)。但是,Nrp1是否可通过调控Tregs、改善肾脏免疫微环境来缓解肾脏缺血再灌注损伤尚未见报道。因此本研究在肾脏缺血再灌注背景下探讨了Nrp1对于肾脏缺血再灌注损伤的作用及分子生物学机制。我们发现使用Sema4A重组嵌合蛋白(Sema4A-Fc)对双侧肾脏缺血再灌注损伤小鼠模型进行干预可减少肾脏的组织学及功能学损伤,减少肾脏组织内促炎细胞(中心粒细胞及促炎型巨噬细胞)的蓄积,促进肾脏组织内Tregs的增殖及免疫抑制功能。我们进一步利用所构建的Nrp1组织特异性敲除小鼠研究确认,Nrp1是维持缺血再灌注损伤环境下肾脏组织内Tregs稳定性和功能性的关键分子。在机制研究中,我们发现Sema4A结合Nrp1后通过抑制Tregs的Akt-mTOR信号通路来负向调控Tregs的稳定与功能。综上,我们的结果提示,Tregs表面受体Nrp1通过结合Sema4A来抑制细胞内Akt-mTOR通路以促进Tregs的稳定性及功能性,进而缓解肾脏缺血再灌注损伤,为临床防治肾移植术后缺血再灌注损伤的防治提供了一个潜在的靶点。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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