职业接触十溴二苯乙烷的甲状腺激素干扰效应研究

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers，which is an important class of brominated flame retardants, have been banned because of their ubiquitous presence in the environment and adverse health effects such as thyroid hormones (THs) disruption. Decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), as a replacement and alternative to the commercial polybrominated diphenyl ethers, is frequently used in industrial applications such as electrical and electronic equipment, textile coatings. The production and usage of DBDPE is huge, however, databases on the adverse effects of DBDPE in humans are lacking. Our previous research has found that DBDPE might disrupt the balance of THs in occupational population. Thus, a 3-year prospective cohort study is designed to assess the THs imbalance caused by DBDPE in the cohort occupational workers exposed to the DBDPE. DBDPE exposure assessment and THs levels will be monitored once a year. We will use mixed-effects model to find a biomonitor index that can reflect the exposure level of the body burden, and early indicators of THs imbalance caused by DBDPE expoure. Lastly, we will estimate the exposure-effects relations. Meanwhile, animal experiments will combine THs levels with thyroid histological detection to confirm the exposure-effects relations. This study will explore the effects of DBDPE on occupational population and provide theoretical basis and technical support for health care of this susceptible population.

传统溴系阻燃剂多溴联苯醚具有甲状腺激素（THs）干扰等多种毒性效应，已被禁用。十溴二苯乙烷（DBDPE）作为替代品，广泛应用于电子电器、纺织等产品中，已成为我国产量及使用量最大的阻燃剂。DBDPE职业暴露人群庞大但其暴露水平及健康效应数据缺乏。课题组基于DBDPE生产企业的工人建立了职业人群队列，初步研究提示职业接触DBDPE可能干扰THs水平。本研究拟基于此职业人群队列，进行为期三年每年一次的前瞻性随访，监测工人血液、尿液、头发及工作环境中DBDPE污染水平，对其进行环境暴露及生物暴露评价，提出职业接触人群适宜的生物接触标志物；同时，以七项THs指标为健康效应观察终点，并结合动物模拟染毒实验的甲状腺组织学观察，共同探索DBDPE致THs变化的早期敏感指标以及剂量-效应、时间-效应关系。本研究的开展将为DBDPE内分泌干扰效应提供科学证据，为职业人群健康监护及职业环境改善提供技术支撑。

多溴联苯醚是一种持久性有机污染物，会影响甲状腺功能。十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)作为一种新型溴系阻燃剂，具有与多溴联苯醚相似的结构。数据显示DBDPE人体暴露水平越来越高，但其对健康的影响研究还非常有限。本研究旨在明确人群DBDPE暴露对甲状腺激素水平的影响。本研究在中国北部一个最大的DBDPE生产基地的职业人群为研究对象，测定了其血液样本中DBDPE水平及甲状腺功能参数指标的浓度水平，包括：总甲状腺素(TT4)、游离甲状腺素 (FT4)、三碘甲状腺氨酸(TT3)、游离三碘甲状腺氨酸(FT3)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)、抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TG-Ab)、抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPO-Ab)。结果表明，血清DBDPE浓度范围为3.148-54,360 ng/g脂重(lw)，几何均值为332.6 ng/glw。经分析发现DBDPE浓度每增加10倍，TT4增加4.73 nmol/L [95% CI: 2.75, 6.71] ，TT3增加0.046 nmol/L [95% CI: 0.012, 0.081]，分别对应增加了约4.73%(95% CI: 2.75%-6.71%)和2.38% (95% CI: 0.62%-4.20%)。血清中DBDPE与TG-Ab和TPO-Ab的浓度呈显著正相关。28天动物染毒实验表明，高浓度DBDPE暴露能够引起FT3、TSH、TRH水平的改变，呈现一定的剂量效应关系。同时，甲状腺病理和电镜组织观察，发现DBDPE组甲状腺组织的损伤。综上所述，本研究发现暴露于高浓度DBDPE与甲状腺功能变化有关，鉴于近年来DBDPE暴露水平不断增加，DBDPE暴露对甲状腺功能的影响需要引起重视。