非均匀产热体的多目标构形优化

Electronics cooling problems have become the bottleneck in the development of the electronics technology. The stability and reliability of the electronic device can be greatly improved by adopting high efficiency heat control technology and optimizing its cooling structure. The heat generation body of actual electronic device exhibits the characteristic of non-uniform heat generation, and its thermal optimal design exhibits the characteristic of various demands. This project intends to establish the non-uniform heat generation body models with high conductivity channel and cooling channel, respectively. The multi-objective constructal optimizations of the non-uniform heat generation bodies will be carried out based on entropy generation minimization theory, entransy theory and constructal theory. The methods of mathematic analysis, numerical calculation and experimental research are synthetically applied in the optimizations. The optimal design schemes of heat transfer structures with various demands are obtained. The effects of the thermal stress, heat generation body shape, channel shape, thermal conductivity ratio, cooling temperature, flow speed, flow regime and other factors on the optimal heat transfer structure and optimal heat transfer performance are analyzed. The optimal design schemes under different optimization criteria are compared. The inherent law of the structure evolution and physical mechanism of enhanced heat transfer of the non-uniform heat generation bodies are revealed. The experiment platform of the non-uniform heat generation body with cooling channel is further built. The temperature distribution data of the heat generation body are obtained, and the theoretical calculation results are verified. The research results of this project can provide some references for the optimal cooling designs of thermal systems, such as electronic devices.

电子器件散热问题已成为制约其技术发展的瓶颈，采用高效的传热控制技术对电子器件散热结构进行优化将大大提高其稳定性和可靠性。实际电子器件产热体呈现非均匀化产热的特征，其热优化设计则呈现多元化需求的特点。本项目拟建立高导热通道和冷却流道的非均匀产热体模型，基于熵产生最小化理论、火积理论和构形理论，综合运用数学解析、数值计算和实验研究的方法，开展非均匀产热体的多目标构形优化研究，得到多元化需求下的最优传热结构设计方案，分析热应力、产热体形状、通道形状、通道占比、导热系数比、冷却温度、流速和流态等因素对产热体最佳传热结构和最优传热性能的影响，并对不同优化准则下的最优设计方案进行比较，进而揭示非均匀产热体结构演化的内在规律和强化传热的物理机理。进一步建立冷却流道的非均匀产热体实验平台，获得产热体的温度分布数据，对理论计算结果进行验证。本项目的研究成果可为电子器件等热系统的散热优化设计提供参考。

电子器件散热问题是热科学领域研究的热点问题，本项目以实际电子器件散热问题中常见的高导热通道和冷却流道产热体为研究对象，将熵产生最小化理论、火积理论和构形理论相结合开展了非均匀产热体结构的多目标优化设计研究。主要内容包括：高导热通道非均匀产热体构形优化及比较研究；冷却流道非均匀产热体构形优化及比较研究；冷却流道非均匀产热体实验研究；舵形、叶形、针形和矩形肋片构形优化研究；圆盘、管壳和平板式换热器构形优化研究；钢铁生产流程构形优化研究。得到了多种非均匀产热过程和系统在不同目标和传热边界条件下的最优构形，为其结构设计和性能优化提供了科学依据和理论指导。. 项目取得的重要研究成果如下：建立了4类非均匀产热体模型并开展构形优化，拓展了传热构形优化的研究对象和构形理论的应用范围，使得传递过程的性能得到有效提高，或者使得优化结果更符合实际。将火积理论应用到3类传热对象，拓展了其应用范围，丰富了其内涵。在保证热安全性能的前提下，火积耗散率最小的传热构造体最优构形设计方案使得整体传热性能得到提高，该目标为各种传递过程和系统的优化设计提供了新的准则。提出了3种新的复合函数目标，实现了多目标构形优化，所得结果体现了产热体传热性能和冷却流体流动性能的折中，实际中可根据不同设计需求选择不同的最优构形设计方案。