原位量热法探讨粒度和形貌对纳米体系吸附热力学的影响规律

Compared with the bulk materials, nanomaterials has excellent adsorption performance and extensive application prospect in many fields, such as heterogeneous catalysis, biological medicine, sewage disposal, air purification, and so on. However, the research, development and application of the nano-adsorption are falling into bottleneck because of lacking the regularity and mechanism of effect of particle size and shape on the thermodynamics of nano-adsorption. In this application, a general thermodynamic expression of Gibbs function of adsorption will be derived in theory by researching on chemical potential of nanoparticles; then applying the chemical potential of nanoparticles of different particle sizes and shapes to above, the relations of thermodynamic quantities and both particle size and shape will be derived respectively; afterwards, the calorimetric data of some typical nanoparitlcles with different particle sizes and shapes will be measured by in-situ calorimetry, and adsorption thermodynamic quantities will be calculated; on this basis, through the correlation and analysis of the theoretical expressions and the experimental results, the size- and shape-dependence of thermodynamics of nano-adsorption will be obtained, the influence mechanism will be illustrated and the thermodynamic theory of nano-adsorption will be preliminarily built. The results will have great scientific significance for enriching and developing the thermodynamic theory of adsorption, and will provide theoretical basis and guidance for nano-adsorption involved in nanomaterials and other related fields.

纳米材料与块状材料相比具有优异的吸附性能，在多相催化、生物医药、污水处理、空气净化等领域有着广泛的应用前景。然而，由于缺乏粒度和形貌对纳米材料吸附热力学的影响规律和机理揭示，使之成为纳米吸附研究、发展和应用的瓶颈。本申请在理论上拟先经过严密推导，定义纳米颗粒的化学势，进而得到纳米体系吸附吉布斯能的一般热力学表达式；然后代入不同粒度和形貌纳米颗粒的表面化学势，推导纳米吸附的热力学量与粒度和形貌间的热力学关系式；在实验上，采用原位量热法，测定不同粒度和形貌的几种典型纳米颗粒吸附的量热数据，进而得到其吸附热力学量；在此基础上，通过理论关系式与实验结果的关联与分析，获得粒度和形貌对纳米吸附热力学的影响规律，阐明其影响机理，初步建立纳米体系吸附的热力学理论。其结果对于丰富和发展吸附热力学理论具有重要的意义，对于解决纳米材料领域以及其它相关领域中所涉及到的纳米吸附问题提供理论依据和指导。

在理论上经过严密推导定义纳米颗粒的化学势，进而得到纳米体系吸附吉布斯能的一般热力学表达式和纳米吸附的热力学量与粒度和形貌间的热力学关系式；在实验上，测定不同粒度和形貌的几种典型纳米颗粒溶液吸附和气相吸附的量热数据，进而得到其吸附热力学量；理论上获得了粒度和形貌对纳米吸附热力学的影响规律，阐明其影响机理，初步建立纳米体系吸附的热力学理论。其结果对于丰富和发展吸附热力学理论具有重要的意义，对于解决纳米材料领域以及其它相关领域中所涉及到的纳米吸附问题提供理论依据和指导。